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Goa Liberation Day 2021: How Goa was liberated from Portuguese? | All Explained

Goa, one of the smallest states in India was previously under the possession of the Portuguese for 451 years before it became a part of India. Know about the history of Goa Liberation Day.

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Goa Liberation Day 2021: How Goa was liberated from Portuguese? | All Explained

By Kritika Bobal

Even though India attained independence in 1947 but Goa was not always a part of liberated India. It was December 19, 1961, when India acquired Goa from the Portuguese. Goa, one of the smallest states in India was previously under the possession of the Portuguese for 451 years before it became a part of India.

How Goa was liberated?

In the 19th century, when Indians were fighting for sovereignty, Goans were under the control of the Portuguese. The Portuguese were among the first to colonize the provinces of India and refused to relinquish control of Goa and other Indian regions even after India gained independence.

Later, on December 19, 1961, India took Goa from the Portuguese which later became a part of India.

When was Goa taken over by the Portuguese?

Prior to 1641, Goa was in the clutches of the Marathas. Following the peace treaty between the Portuguese and Marathas in 1641, the former took over the control of the state from the Maratha rule.

How did Goa become a part of India?

It was 1961 when the government of India decided to free the nation with the rule of the Portuguese. Under Jawaharlal Nehru, the country adopted a plan called Operation Vijay to end the Portuguese rule in India.

General JN Chaudhari was in charge of putting this strategy into action. By the 11th of December, 1961, Indian soldiers were deployed at Belgaum, Vapi, and Una for attacks on Goa, Daman, and Diu, respectively.

Major General KP Candeth took the authority of taking operations against Goa. Following the next day, the two mainland routes that were used for connecting Goa and India were sealed for the local population. The day for the attack was fixed for December 18, 1961. Operation Vijay was carried out by all three branches of the Indian armed forces.

The Indian attack overpowered the Portuguese 3,000 member army with a force of almost 30,000. After a series of operations throughout Goa, the Indian soldiers landed in Panjim on December 19, having successfully reached Betim the day before. Major General KP Candeth unfurled the Indian national flag.

The Indian Army effectively completed Operation Vijay within 40 hours of its launch, bringing an end to centuries of European dominance in Goa.

A War Memorial at Indian Naval Ship Gomantak was built in memory of seven sailors and other personnel who sacrificed their lives on 19 December 1961.

Significance of Goa Liberation Day

This day is celebrated to honor Goa’s achievements, the milestones the state has achieved in the tourism sector in recent years. The day also recognizes how the state has maintained its per capita income at the highest level among other states and Union Territories of India.

India News

Lt Gen Dhiraj Seth appointed next Army chief, to take charge on June 30

The government has appointed Lt Gen Dhiraj Seth, currently the Vice Chief of Army Staff, as the next Army chief. He will succeed General Upendra Dwivedi on June 30.

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The Centre has appointed Lieutenant General Dhiraj Seth as the next Chief of the Army Staff (COAS), paving the way for a leadership transition in the Indian Army later this month. Lt Gen Seth, who currently serves as the Vice Chief of the Army Staff, will succeed General Upendra Dwivedi upon the latter’s retirement on June 30, 2026.

The appointment was announced on Saturday, with the government confirming that Lt Gen Seth will assume office from the afternoon of June 30. He will take over command after General Dwivedi completes his tenure as the Army’s 30th chief.

Veteran Armoured Corps officer

An officer of the Armoured Corps, Lt Gen Seth was commissioned into the Indian Army in December 1986 after graduating from the National Defence Academy. Over nearly four decades of service, he has held a range of operational, command, staff and strategic appointments across the Army.

Before becoming Vice Chief on April 1, 2026, he served in several senior leadership roles, including heading the Southern Command and South Western Command. He has also commanded formations such as the Delhi Area and the XXI Corps during his military career.

Leadership transition in the Army

Lt Gen Seth’s elevation comes as the Army prepares for a change of command at the highest level. His appointment follows his move to Army Headquarters as Vice Chief earlier this year, a role he assumed on April 1.

The Ministry of Defence said the incoming Army chief brings extensive experience from command, operational and strategic assignments across diverse military domains.

With the appointment, Lt Gen Seth is set to lead the Indian Army through the next phase of its modernisation and operational preparedness efforts after taking charge at the end of the month.

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IAF AN-32 aircraft crashes while landing at Assam’s Jorhat airbase, five personnel killed

Five Indian Air Force personnel were killed after an AN-32 transport aircraft crashed while landing at Jorhat Air Force Station in Assam. The IAF has ordered a court of inquiry into the accident.

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An Indian Air Force (IAF) AN-32 transport aircraft crashed while attempting to land at Jorhat Air Force Station in Assam on Saturday, resulting in the deaths of five Air Force personnel. The accident occurred during a routine sortie and triggered an emergency response at the airbase.

According to the IAF, the aircraft met with the accident during the landing phase at Jorhat. The force later confirmed the loss of five personnel and expressed condolences to their families. A court of inquiry has been ordered to determine the circumstances that led to the crash.

Court of inquiry ordered

The Indian Air Force said a formal investigation will examine the cause of the accident. Officials have not yet disclosed what may have led to the crash, and the inquiry is expected to review technical, operational and environmental factors.

Reports indicated that the co-pilot survived the accident and is undergoing medical treatment.

Personnel who lost their lives

The IAF identified the five personnel killed in the accident as:

  • Squadron Leader Prashant Singh
  • Flight Lieutenant Shubham Kumar
  • Sergeant Jitendra Sharma
  • Agniveervayu Khemaram Kumawat
  • Agniveervayu Danish Alam

The Air Force said it stands with the bereaved families during this difficult time.

AN-32’s role in the Air Force

The AN-32 is a twin-engine transport aircraft that has been a key part of the Indian Air Force’s logistics operations for decades. It is widely used to transport personnel, equipment and supplies, particularly in remote and high-altitude regions. India remains one of the largest operators of the aircraft type.

The crash comes months after a Sukhoi Su-30MKI fighter aircraft accident in Assam that claimed the lives of two IAF pilots.

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Delhi records coolest day of June so far as rain and thunderstorms bring relief from heat

Delhi recorded its coolest day of June after rain and thunderstorms caused a sharp drop in temperatures. IMD has forecast more showers and gusty winds before temperatures begin rising again.

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Delhi weather today

Delhi witnessed its coolest day of June so far after widespread rain and thunderstorm activity caused temperatures to drop significantly across the national capital. The change in weather provided much-needed relief from the intense summer heat that had gripped the region in recent weeks.

According to the India Meteorological Department (IMD), rain and thunderstorms over the past 24 hours brought a noticeable decline in both maximum and minimum temperatures. Official weather observations showed that Delhi’s maximum temperatures fell well below normal levels, while several areas experienced strong winds and rainfall.

More rain and thunderstorms likely

The IMD has forecast additional thunderstorms, light to moderate rain and gusty winds for Delhi and nearby areas through Saturday. A yellow alert remains in place, with weather conditions expected to stay unsettled before gradually improving.

Weather experts have attributed the recent change to the influence of a western disturbance and associated weather systems affecting northwestern India. While the disturbance is gradually moving away, its impact is expected to continue for a short period.

Temperatures may rise again next week

Meteorologists expect the pleasant conditions to last for another couple of days. After that, temperatures are likely to begin rising again as rainfall activity decreases. The IMD’s latest forecast also indicates a gradual increase in temperatures by the middle of next week.

Recent weather systems have brought relief not only to Delhi but also to parts of Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan and other northern states, where thunderstorms and rain have helped ease heatwave conditions.

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