Lifestyle

Mode of delivery has substantial impact on infants’ health: Study

Published

7 years ago

April 14, 2019

Mode of delivery has substantial impact on infants’ health: Study

[vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text]A recent research has discovered that mode of delivery influences the health of infants. The research presented at the meeting of ECCMID 2019 suggested that mode of delivery influences the development of the microbial composition of the gut i.e. the gut microbiota) in infants, independently of a mother’s use of antibiotics. This, in turn, may affect infants’ respiratory health during the first year of life.

The prospective Microbiome Utrecht Infant Study involving 120 infants, found that children born by caesarean section (C-section) had a delay in the normal development of their gut microbiota, and a higher abundance of potentially harmful bacteria, compared to infants delivered vaginally- which could be the mechanism driving the increased risk in respiratory infections.

Over 1000 different types of bacteria live in the gut, where they elicit important functions for health, for example helping to digest food, stimulating the development of the immune system, and protecting against infection. After birth, infants become colonised by an increasing diversity of gut microbes until a relatively stable state is reached. The pace and pattern by which infants acquire their gut microbiome are thought to have a substantial impact on health in later life. Disruption of the normal development of the gut microbiome has been linked with a range of diseases including irritable bowel disease, asthma, allergies and cancer.

Previous research indicated that early life microbiota development is influenced by the mode of delivery, although it has been suggested that this depends mostly on maternal antibiotic exposure. To assess the independent effects of mode of delivery analysed the gut microbiota development in 46 C-section and 74 vaginally delivered infants using stool sam ples collected 10 times during their first year of life. Antibiotic administration to mothers undergoing a C-section was postponed until after clamping of the umbilical cord. Maternal stool samples were also examined two weeks after delivery.

Analyses showed that gut microbiota composition differed significantly between C-section and vaginally delivered infants in the first year, which was most pronounced shortly after birth. This was accompanied by measurable faecal seeding (transfer of maternal vaginal microbes) from mother to child in vaginally delivered infants, but not in children born by C-section.In infants born by C-section, the gut microbiota was less stable and the development of the health-promoting bacterial species Bifidobacterium spp. was delayed compared to vaginally delivered children.Additionally, infants born by C-section had much higher levels of potential pathogenic gut bacteria, irrespective of the length of hospital stay after birth, feeding type, and antibiotic use. Interestingly, the researchers also found that the gut microbiota early in life was associated with the total number of respiratory infections over the first year.

“Our findings suggest that mode of delivery affects the developing infant gut microbiota, independent of a mother’s use of antibiotics during birth. Compared to vaginally delivered infants, children born by C-section have different trajectories of bacterial colonisation, which could have implications for their future respiratory health”, said Marta Reyman, who is the PhD student on this study.”Further research and larger studies will be needed to fully understand the consequences of these changes. The insights gained might help to design strategies to prevent health-related problems following birth by C-section, Reyman added.

The major limitation of this study is the use of 16S rRNA based sequencing, which does not allow annotation of bacteria on a species level or generates results based on genetic content of microbial communities.

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Festivals

Happy Makar Sankranti 2026 wishes shared as festival of faith, positivity and new beginnings

Makar Sankranti 2026 marks a new beginning as devotees observe holy rituals and exchange heartfelt wishes across India.

Published

3 weeks ago

January 14, 2026

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Makar Sankranti is being celebrated across India with great enthusiasm on Wednesday, January 14, 2026, marking one of the most significant festivals in the Hindu calendar. Observed as the day when the Sun begins its northward journey, the festival symbolises new beginnings, positive energy and prosperity.

The day holds deep religious importance. Devotees across the country take a holy dip in sacred rivers and perform charity and donations, practices believed to bring spiritual merit and peace. Sun worship is also an integral part of the festival, with many offering prayers at sunrise, seeking happiness, good health and success.

Beyond its spiritual meaning, Makar Sankranti is also known for its vibrant cultural celebrations. From rooftops filled with colourful kites to homes preparing traditional sweets made of jaggery and sesame, the festival brings together families and communities in celebration.

Festival of harvest, harmony and hope

Makar Sankranti is widely regarded as a harvest festival, especially in agrarian regions, marking the arrival of fresh crops and renewed hope. The exchange of sweets made from sesame seeds and jaggery reflects the message of sweetness in relationships and warmth in communication.

As part of the celebrations, people are sharing thoughtful wishes and messages with friends, family and loved ones, expressing hopes for happiness, success and togetherness in the year ahead. Many messages highlight themes such as strong bonds, rising ambitions and uncut kites of success, drawing inspiration from the festival’s symbols.

A celebration that unites tradition and joy

With blue skies dotted with flying kites and households resonating with festive prayers, Makar Sankranti continues to stand as a reminder of tradition, gratitude and renewal. The festival encourages people to let go of negativity and move forward with optimism, making it one of the most cherished occasions of the year.

As celebrations unfold nationwide, exchanging warm wishes remains a simple yet meaningful way to make the festival special, reinforcing bonds and spreading joy.

Happy Makar Sankranti 2026 Wishes in English

1.
The sweetness of jaggery, the aroma of sesame,
Colorful kites in the sky and love in every heart.
Wishing you and your family a joyful
and wonderful Makar Sankranti!

Happy Makar Sankranti 2026

2.
If sesame is us and jaggery is you,
If sweets are us and sweetness is you,
As the first festival of the year begins,
May Makar Sankranti bring happiness to you.

Warm wishes on Makar Sankranti

3.
Kites filling the sky,
Sweetness of jaggery all around,
May happiness find a permanent place
in your life this Makar Sankranti.

Happy Makar Sankranti 2026

4.
With sesame laddoos and peanuts in abundance,
Wishing you a joyful and blessed
festival of Makar Sankranti.

5.
Blue skies, colorful kites,
and joy in every direction.
Celebrate Makar Sankranti
with your loved ones.

Heartfelt Makar Sankranti wishes

6.
May your kite never be cut,
May your string always stay strong.
May happiness surround your home,
and success follow you all year long.
May Makar Sankranti bring prosperity
and joy into your life.

Happy Makar Sankranti 2026

7.
Temple bells, sacred prayers,
The golden glow of the rising sun by the river.
May happiness bloom in your life,
Wishing you a blessed Makar Sankranti.

8.
The first harvest of the year
and the first happiness too.
Wishing you a joyful
Makar Sankranti.

9.
May the kite of your success
always soar high in the sky.
Happy Makar Sankranti!

10.
May your flight be high and your string be strong,
May happiness echo around you all along.
May your success rise so high,
That no one can ever bring it down.

Warm wishes on Makar Sankranti

Festivals

Happy Lohri 2026 Wishes, quotes and messages to share with family and friends

Lohri 2026 will be celebrated on January 13. Here are the date, timing, significance and heartfelt wishes to share with loved ones.

Published

3 weeks ago

January 13, 2026

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Lohri, one of north India’s most vibrant festivals, marks the end of the winter season and the arrival of the harvest period. Known for its colourful traditions, bonfires, folk dances and seasonal delicacies, the festival brings warmth and togetherness during the cold days of January.

In 2026, Lohri will be celebrated in mid-January, continuing the tradition of welcoming prosperity, happiness and new beginnings.

When is Lohri in 2026

According to the Druk Panchang, Lohri will be observed on Tuesday, January 13, 2026.

The auspicious time for Lohri Sankranti will begin at 03:13 pm on January 14, while Makar Sankranti will be celebrated on Wednesday, January 14, 2026.

Lohri holds cultural significance, especially in Punjab, Haryana and parts of north India, where families gather around bonfires, offer prayers, and celebrate with music, dance and traditional food such as jaggery, groundnuts and popcorn.

Happy Lohri 2026 Wishes, messages and quotes

Here are some heartfelt wishes and messages to share with family, friends and loved ones on Lohri:

Wishing you a Lohri filled with joy, happiness and prosperity. May this festival bring warmth and light to your life.
May the bonfire of Lohri burn away all your worries and bring you warmth, joy and success. Happy Lohri.
On this day of Lohri, may the divine festival fill your life with prosperity and growth. Happy Lohri to you and your loved ones.
As the fire of Lohri flourishes, may all your sorrows and troubles vanish with it. Happy Lohri to you and your family.
May the warmth of the Lohri bonfire fill your home with happiness and love. Happy Lohri.
Wishing you a harvest of joy and prosperity this Lohri. May your days be filled with happiness.
On this auspicious occasion of Lohri, may all your dreams come true.
Let the festival of Lohri bring you endless joy and abundance. Wishing you and your family a very Happy Lohri.
May the Lohri fire burn away sadness and bring warmth, joy and happiness into your life.
Sending you warm wishes for this festive season of Lohri. May it bring prosperity and success.
This Lohri, may the sweetness of jaggery and the warmth of groundnuts add happiness to your life.
May the festival of harvest fill your life with abundance and prosperity. Happy Lohri.

Featured

Happy Navratri 2025: Wishes, messages, quotes, greetings, images, and whatsApp greetings

Celebrate Navratri 2025 with heartfelt wishes, messages, quotes, and WhatsApp greetings. Share the joy of the nine nights of devotion to Maa Durga, spread positivity, and bless your loved ones with happiness, strength, and prosperity this festive season.

Published

4 months ago

September 22, 2025

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Navratri 2025, starting on September 22, is a nine-night festival dedicated to Maa Durga, celebrating the victory of good over evil. Across India and around the world, devotees mark the occasion with prayers, fasting, music, dance, and community gatherings. The festival emphasizes devotion, courage, and inner strength, and is a time to share blessings with loved ones through heartfelt Navratri wishes.

Unlike large-scale celebrations in India, many households and communities celebrate in more intimate settings, decorating homes with diyas, offering prayers at temples, and organizing dandiya nights and devotional gatherings. Traditional foods and vrat-friendly recipes are also an integral part of the celebration.

Here’s a collection of Happy Navratri wishes you can share with friends, family, and colleagues:

Wishes to Share During Navratri:

Wishing you a Navratri filled with devotion, joy, and prosperity.
May the nine nights bring peace to your home and happiness to your heart.
Let’s celebrate the spirit of Navratri with prayers, music, and love.
May Goddess Durga bless you with strength to face every challenge.
Wishing you health, harmony, and happiness this Navratri.
May these nine nights light up your life with positivity.
Sending warm Navratri wishes from my family to yours.
May every dance step and prayer you offer reach Maa Durga’s blessings.
Here’s to a Navratri that feels bright, peaceful, and full of grace.
May this festive season give you courage and clarity.

Happy Navratri Quotes:

May your prayers during these nine nights bring success and harmony.
Celebrate the spirit of Navratri with a heart full of gratitude.
Wishing you good health, prosperity, and endless joy this Navratri.
Let the divine energy of Durga guide your path this festive season.
May Goddess Durga empower you with strength, wisdom, and courage this Navratri and always.
Let us celebrate the triumph of good over evil. Happy Navratri to you and your loved ones.
May the colors of Navratri brighten your life with happiness, health, and prosperity.
On this auspicious occasion, may Maa Durga fulfill all your wishes and bless your home with peace.

Messages to Share on WhatsApp and Social Media:

Happy Navratri! May Maa Durga guide you toward wisdom and strength.
The nine nights remind us that patience and devotion bring results.
Celebrate Navratri with faith in your heart and kindness in your actions.
May you find joy in the small rituals and blessings in every prayer.
Wishing you courage to overcome negativity, just like Durga did.
Navratri is not only about fasting — it’s about feeding your soul with positivity.
May this Navratri open doors of success and peace for you.
Sending warm wishes across the miles this festive season.

Happy Navratri 2025 Greetings:

Remember: every night of Navratri is a chance to start fresh.
Happy Navratri 2025! Celebrate with love, and let blessings surround you.
May Maa Durga fill your home with peace and happiness this Navratri.
Wishing you nine nights of devotion, joy, and togetherness.
May the blessings of Navratri bring love and light into your life.
Happy Navratri! Let every day be a step toward positivity.
May this festive season strengthen bonds with family and friends.

Navratri 2025 Quotes and Inspiration:

“Navratri is not only a festival, it’s a reminder that good always wins.”
“Nine nights, nine forms, infinite blessings.”
“Strength is not given, it is awakened — just like the spirit of Durga.”
“Dance, devotion, and discipline — the rhythm of Navratri.”
“Every prayer during Navratri is a step closer to peace.”

This Navratri, let devotion, love, and positivity fill every home. Share these Navratri wishes, quotes, and messages to spread blessings and joy with friends and family.