June is ‘Men’s Health Month’, a time to shift focus on the health issues men face on a day-to-day, as well as a not-so-regular basis. What can be more important than talking about the different forms of cancers affecting men globally, from the prostate to penile, testicular to breast, and bowel to lung cancer.
As per published reports India witnessed increase in cancer cases at an average annual rate of 1.1 to 2 percent from 2010 to 2019. During the similar period the deaths due to cancer has also increased at an average rate of 0.1 to 1 percent. Data suggests that 1,392,179 cancer cases were diagnosed in India in 2020 alone. Among men, in particular, the estimated incidence was 94.1 per 1,00,000 individuals, while for women, it was 103.6 per 1,00,000 individuals in 2020. From a global perspective, the picture is not very great either. Cancer Statistics Centre projected an estimated 1,918,030 new cancer cases and 6,09,360 cancer deaths, both sexes combined in U.S. in 2022
As per reported incidence prostate cancer is the most common cancer type among men (26 percent), followed by lung (12 percent) and colorectal (8 percent). Amongst all major cancers, lung cancer accounted for 22 percent of all cancer deaths in men. Recent advancements in cancer treatment and early detection of cancer have been able to improve the survival rate in cancer patients but still there is long way to go.
In this article, we take a look at the most common cancers in men, their symptoms, and how to cope with cancer & take control.
- Prostate Cancer
The prostate is about a one-and-a-half-inch gland located right below the bladder and its main function is to develop seminal fluid. As men get older, the size of the prostate continues to grow and can lead to a condition known as benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH or prostate enlargement). Fortunately, this condition doesn’t grow your risk of getting prostate cancer, but it’s good to know about the symptoms of both BPH, as well as prostate cancer. Often prostate cancer grows gradually and doesn’t cause any symptoms for a prolonged period. This means that even if men are diagnosed with prostate cancer, they can continue to live well-balanced lives with very little effect from the tumour.
Prostate Urinary Symptoms
Prostate cancer usually shows symptoms when its growth is large enough to interrupt your urinary bladder or pressurize the tube that drains urine. These symptoms are known as prostate urinary symptoms:
- Passing urine in short intervals, especially at night
- A slow flow of urine
- Difficulty in starting or stopping the flow
- Pain when passing urine
- Testicular Cancer
Testicular cancer is an outcome of a bunch of cells growing out of control and forming a malignant tumour. As the tumour progresses, it starts spreading to other parts of your system. Irrespective of its name, it can emerge from other areas of the body like the back of the abdomen, the lower spine, and most commonly, in the testicles. As compared to other forms of cancer, testicular is rare and but has good treatment outcomes.
Testicular Cancer Symptoms
- An enlargement or a lump in either testicle
- A slight ache in the abdomen
- A sense of heaviness in the scrotum
- An abrupt collection of fluid in the scrotum
- Back pain
- Discomfort or pain in the scrotum
- Penile Cancer
Penile cancer is a relatively uncommon form of cancer that affects the tissues and skin of the penis. This form of cancer occurs when the healthy cells in the penis start growing out of control, thereby forming a cancerous tumour. Cancer eventually spreads to other parts of the body, including the glands, lymph nodes, and other organs. Penile cancer emerges in different forms, such as melanoma, sarcomas, squamous cell carcinoma, basal cell carcinoma, and adenosquamous carcinoma.
Penile Cancer Symptoms
- Itching and burning sensation
- Changes in the color of the penis
- Thickening of the penile skin
- Swollen lymph nodes in the groin
- An ulcer that might bleed
- Bluish-brown growths
- Smelly discharge or bleeding under the foreskin
- Lung Cancer
Lung cancer is the second most common and the foremost cause of cancer deaths among both men and women across the globe. People who smoke have a much greater risk of developing lung cancer as compared to non-smokers. There are several types of lung cancers, but non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common type. Like prostate cancer, lung cancer, too, does not show symptoms in the early stages. The symptoms worsen as the cancer spreads and progresses. With early diagnosis and treatment, the condition can be significantly improved.
Lung Cancer Symptoms
- Pain when breathing or coughing
- Coughing up blood
- Shortness of breath
- Frequent lung infections, like bronchitis or pneumonia, due to the cancerous cells blocking the airways
- Hoarseness
- Chest pain
Tips for Coping and Living Well with Cancer
Realizing that you or someone you know has cancer is a dreadful experience. Different patients respond differently to the treatment, and subsequent recovery phase. This may affect one’s emotional, physical, and psychological well-being, which needs to be taken into consideration by the caregiver of the patient. Listed below are some of the coping strategies suggested for patients who are battling or have overcome any form of cancer:
- Be open to receiving help from friends and family members
- Maintain two-way communication with your healthcare team, loved ones, and others during and after your treatment
- Gather useful information about your cancer diagnosis to make a better decision about your care, but don’t obsess over the facts
- Embrace potential physical changes with a positive mindset and know that this phase is temporary
- Lead a healthy lifestyle by choosing a balanced diet, getting adequate rest, and indulging in enjoyable activities.
Along with these tips, remember that you may have had cancer, but you don’t have to allow it to take over your life. Know that this is a work in progress, so stay in charge of your body and life!
Details about Company & Spokesperson –
Innoplexus AG is a leading international Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Blockchain based Drug Discovery and Development company with 43 patents and more than 116+ patent applications. They have launched one of the world’s largest, decentralized and Real World Data (RWD) exchange to fuel AI for patient’s health and longevity. Two of their products under this initiative are CURIA and app for cancer patients and NEURIA an app for patients with neurological disorders.
Dr. Prof. Juergen Scheele – Chief Medical Officer, Innoplexus. Former Global Clinical Development Leader (Merck, Roche, AmGen). 20+ yrs experience in drug development and discovery. He has worked extensively in clinical trials, research and therapeutic concepts.