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Vijay Diwas 2021: History, significance and why do we celebrate this day?

On December 16, 1971, Lt. Gen. Jagjit Singh Aurora from India and Lt Gen A A K Niazi from Pakistan signed the Pakistani Instrument of Surrender.

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Vijay Diwas

Vijay Diwas is celebrated on December 16 every year. This day is observed to commemorate India’s victory over Pakistan during the 1971 war.

Why is Vijay Diwas celebrated?

Exactly 50 years ago, today, the Pakistani Armed Forces surrendered as India came victorious in the India-Pakistan War on December 16, 1971. The surrender of Pakistan to Indian forces is the largest by any country since WWII. The day is celebrated as Vijay Diwas every year to commemorate and honour the valour of the Indian Army.

Pakistan’s surrender to India

The Pakistani Instrument of Surrender was a written agreement between India and Pakistan. It was signed by Lt Gen. Jagjit Singh Aurora from India and Lt Gen A A K Niazi from Pakistan. 93000 soldiers of the Pakistan Armed Forces Eastern Command surrendered to the India Army unconditionally. Thus, the Bangladesh Liberation War came to an end.

Cause of India-Pakistan War

Bangladesh fought with Pakistan for their Independence. This struggle was called the Bangladesh Liberation War that lasted for a duration of nine months from December 3, 1971 and ended on December 16, 1971.

India intervened due to the brutal atrocities that were faced by the people of then East Pakistan. Pakistan launched Operation Moonlight to start a military breakdown in Bangladesh. According to an estimate, two to three million women and two to four million girls in Bangladesh were raped in a genocidal rape campaign that ran systematically with support from member of the Pakistani military. According to an estimate, almost three million lives were lost.

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Warning given from India to Pakistan

Indian Army Field Marshal Sam Manekshaw gave an ultimatum to the Pakistani Military- To surrender, or get wiped out.

What happened after India’s victory?

Indian victory became symbolic. Refugees from Bangladesh were given shelter in India. East Pakistan ceased to exist and Bangladesh was formed. Pakistan’s President General Yahya Khan was criticised for the outcome of the war as millions of lives were lost.

In June 1972, the Shimla Agreement was signed between India and Pakistan as a step towards restoring peace.

India News

Armed Jaish terrorist held by BSF during infiltration attempt in Jammu and Kashmir

A Jaish-e-Mohammed terrorist armed with an AK rifle was arrested by the BSF in Jammu and Kashmir’s Akhnoor sector while attempting to infiltrate across the border.

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Terrorist arrested

A Jaish-e-Mohammed terrorist carrying an AK rifle was arrested by the Border Security Force in Jammu and Kashmir’s Akhnoor sector while attempting to infiltrate from across the border, according to official sources.

The arrested individual has been identified as Abdul Khalik, a resident of the Budhal area in Rajouri district. Security officials said Khalik was working as an overground worker for a terror network active in the Poonch and Rajouri regions.

Terrorist crossed over to Pakistan for training

Preliminary investigations revealed that Khalik had gone missing from his native area a few years ago and had crossed into Pakistan, where he allegedly received arms training. He was intercepted by alert BSF personnel near the International Border during an infiltration attempt and was subsequently taken into custody.

After his arrest, Khalik was handed over to the local police for further questioning and legal action.

Security agencies on alert along border areas

Officials view the incident as part of a renewed push to revive terror activities in Jammu and Kashmir by sending back local operatives familiar with the region’s terrain. Security agencies have also stepped up vigilance following inputs that multiple launch pads across the border have been reactivated after a prolonged lull.

Authorities said enhanced surveillance and counter-infiltration measures are in place across vulnerable sectors in the Jammu region to prevent further attempts.

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MNREGA may be renamed Pujya Bapu Gramin Rozgar Yojana, proposal sent to Cabinet

The Centre has proposed renaming MNREGA as Pujya Bapu Gramin Rozgar Yojana and increasing guaranteed employment to 125 days, with the proposal now before the Cabinet.

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The Central government has moved a proposal to rename the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme (MNREGA), one of the country’s largest social security programmes, with the matter now placed before the Union Cabinet for approval. As per the proposal, the scheme could be rebranded as Pujya Bapu Gramin Rozgar Yojana

Preparations are underway to roll out the restructured programme, which is expected to increase the guaranteed employment days for rural households to 125 days per year, up from the current provision of at least 100 days.

Higher allocation and expanded employment guarantee

According to the information shared, the government is working on allocating more than Rs 1.5 lakh crore for the revamped rural employment scheme. The proposed changes are aimed at strengthening income support for poor families living in rural areas.

MNREGA, enacted as a labour law and social security measure, provides unskilled manual work to eligible rural households and legally guarantees the right to employment. At present, around 154 million people are employed under the programme, with women accounting for nearly one-third of the beneficiaries.

Background of the scheme

The employment guarantee programme was launched during the Manmohan Singh-led government and was initially known as the National Rural Employment Guarantee Act. In 2009, it was renamed after Mahatma Gandhi.

A key feature of the scheme is its decentralised structure, with the Panchayati Raj institutions responsible for ensuring 50 per cent of the work. Another crucial provision mandates that if employment is not provided within 15 days of application, beneficiaries are entitled to an unemployment allowance.

The proposal to rename the flagship scheme and expand its scope is currently awaiting Cabinet consideration, after which a formal decision is expected.

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Delhi Metro starts construction of new Golden Line linking Lajpat Nagar and Saket

Delhi Metro has commenced construction of the Lajpat Nagar–Saket G Block Golden Line under Phase-IV, aiming to improve connectivity across South Delhi.

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Delhi Metro

The Delhi Metro Rail Corporation has formally begun construction work on the Lajpat Nagar–Saket G Block corridor, also referred to as the Golden Line under Phase-IV of the metro expansion. The start of civil work marks a key step in extending metro connectivity in South Delhi.

The ceremonial groundbreaking and first test pile were carried out near Pushpa Bhawan in the Saket area, in the presence of senior DMRC officials. The construction is being executed by Rail Vikas Nigam Limited, which has been assigned the responsibility for this corridor.

Eight elevated stations planned on the corridor

The Lajpat Nagar–Saket G Block stretch will be a fully elevated line with eight stations along the route. These stations will be located at Lajpat Nagar, Andrews Ganj, GK-1, Chirag Delhi, Pushpa Bhawan, Saket District Centre, Pushp Vihar and Saket G Block.

According to officials, the corridor is expected to ease daily travel for residents of densely populated neighbourhoods such as Greater Kailash-1, Saket and Pushp Vihar. Improved access to schools, offices and commercial areas is also among the anticipated benefits once operations begin.

Integration with existing metro lines

The Golden Line will connect with three existing metro corridors, enhancing network integration in South Delhi. Lajpat Nagar will emerge as a triple-interchange station with links to the Violet Line and the Pink Line, while Chirag Delhi will provide interchange access to the Magenta Line.

Trains on the new corridor will have a capacity of about 900 passengers per trip, with each coach designed to carry nearly 300 commuters. Projections indicate that daily ridership on the line could exceed 1.2 lakh passengers by 2041 as train frequency increases and surrounding areas continue to grow.

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