As Union Home Minister Amit Shah prepares for a three-day visit to Assam starting March 14, the Koch-Rajbongshi community has renewed its decades-long demand for Scheduled Tribe (ST) status. The Koch-Rajbongshis, one of the largest ethnic groups in the region, are among six communities in Assam seeking tribal status, alongside the Adivasis, Ahoms, Chutias, Mataks, and Morans.
On Saturday evening, leaders of the Koch-Rajbongshi Sanmilita Joutha Mancha, an umbrella organization representing 12 Koch-Rajbongshi groups, submitted a 15-point memorandum to Assam BJP president Dilip Saikia. The memorandum highlighted their key demands, with ST status topping the list. Other demands included the re-establishment of the historic Kamatapur State and the creation of a Chilarai Regiment in the armed forces to honor the community’s legendary warrior, Chilarai.
The Mancha has urged the BJP to facilitate a tripartite meeting involving the Central and State governments by April 30, 2025. A spokesperson for the organization warned of potential protests if their demands are ignored or exploited for electoral gains during the 2026 Assembly elections.
“We have warned against using our community as a political tool, as has happened in the past. Our demands are genuine and must be addressed with sincerity,” the spokesperson said.
The Koch-Rajbongshis and the other five communities currently hold Other Backward Classes (OBC) status. In Assam, OBCs have a 27% reservation quota, while ST (Plains), Scheduled Caste (SC), and ST (Hills) communities have 10%, 7%, and 5% quotas, respectively. The demand for ST status has been a contentious issue for nearly three decades, with the BJP promising to address it ahead of the 2014 Lok Sabha elections.
The existing ST communities in Assam have consistently opposed granting tribal status to the six ethnic groups. In 2011, the Coordination Committee of the Tribal Organisations of Assam (CCTOA), representing 10 tribes, including the Bodo, Rabha, Tiwa, and Karbi, wrote to the Singla Committee expressing their concerns.
The CCTOA argued that granting ST status to “advanced and populous OBC communities” would marginalize the existing ST groups. “These six communities are educationally and economically advanced and more numerous. If granted ST status, they would dominate elected bodies, education, and employment opportunities, effectively wiping out the existing ST communities,” the CCTOA stated.
The committee also highlighted that the Registrar General of India had rejected the six communities’ demands eight times between 1981 and 2006.
The Central government briefly granted ST status to the Koch-Rajbongshis in 1996, but the decision was revoked after widespread protests. During the six-month period, the community secured a disproportionate share of reserved seats, including 33 out of 42 medical seats and 17 out of 21 engineering seats, sparking outrage among other ST groups.
The renewed demand for ST status comes at a politically sensitive time, with Amit Shah’s visit expected to focus on Assam’s development and ethnic issues. The BJP, which has historically supported the Koch-Rajbongshis’ demand, faces the challenge of balancing the aspirations of the six communities with the concerns of existing ST groups.