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Pakistan asks World Bank to vouch India abiding IWT

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Pakistan asks World Bank to vouch India abiding IWT

Raising its voice against India once again, Pakistan has asked the World Bank to recognise its responsibility under the Indus Waters Treaty of 1960 to address its concerns over two disputed projects. This has come at a time when India has completed the Kishanganga hydropower project.

Dawn, a leading Pakistani daily published a report on Thursday quoting an unnamed government official saying that energy ministry has sent a fresh communiqué early this week to the Washington based World Bank’s vice president urging to “recognise its responsibility” and play its role to ensure that India abided by the provisions of the 1960 treaty while building the projects.

In August last year World Bank had allowed India to construct hydroelectric power facilities on tributaries of the Jhelum and Chenab rivers with certain restrictions under the 1960 Indus Waters Treaty (IWT). Pakistan had opposed the construction of the Kishanganga (330 meawatts) and Ratle (850 megawatts) hydroelectric power plants being built by India in Jammu and Kashmir.

Pakistan asks World Bank to vouch India abiding IWTThe World Bank noted that the two countries disagree over whether the technical design features of the two hydroelectric plants contravene the treaty and said that treaty designated these two rivers as well as the Indus as the “Western Rivers” to which Pakistan has unrestricted use.

The Pakistani official said to the Dawn that there was no doubt that India had completed the 330MW Kishanganga project during the period the World Bank “paused” the process for constitution of a Court of Arbitration (COA) as requested by Pakistan in early 2016. India had countered the Pakistani request by calling for a neutral expert.

Pakistan had called for resolution of disputes over Kishanganga project on the Neelum river and 850MW Ratle hydropower project on the Chenab.

The Dawn report further said that in August last year Islamabad had received reports that New Delhi had completed the Kishanganga project as per the design that had been objected to by Pakistan.

The Pakistani official said that the second letter was sent to World Bank after a Pakistani delegation of the Indus Waters Commission was not allowed to visit various controversial projects in India, including Kishanganga and Ratle schemes.

Pakistan asks World Bank to vouch India abiding IWTAccording to Pakistani officials, in December 2016, the World Bank had announced that it had “paused” the process for either appointing a Court of Arbitration (COA) or a neutral expert and started mediation between the two countries.

Since then India and Pakistan held two rounds of talks under the World Bank auspices. On completion of the project Pakistan proposed some modifications to partially address its concerns over the Kishanganga project’s design for water storage without affecting its power generation capacity.  Last round of secretary level talks were held in Washington in September.

Dawn observed that Pakistan’s experience with both the international forums — neutral expert and CoA — has not been satisfactory for varying reasons and outcomes, partially due to domestic weaknesses including delayed decision-making.  Pakistan first challenged the Baglihar hydroelectric project before the neutral expert and then the Kishanganga and Wuller Barrage projects before the CoA.

Pakistan had opposed Indian move saying its water rights were being violated by India on two rivers, the Chenab and Jhelum, through faulty designs of Ratle and Kishanganga projects. Pakistan believed that Kishanganga’s pondage should be a maximum of one million cubic metres instead of 7.5 million cubic metres, intake should be up to four metres and spillways should be raised to nine metres.

About the Ratle project, Pakistan had four objections. Freeboard should be one metre instead of two metres, pondage should be a maximum of eight million cubic metres instead of 24 million, intake level should be at 8.8 metres and spillways at the height of 20 metres.

It believes the Indian design of Ratle project would reduce Chenab flows by 40 per cent at Head Marala and cause considerable irrigation loss to crops. The Ratle dam is believed to be three times larger than the Baglihar dam.

Under the provisions of the Indus Water Treaty, the waters of the eastern rivers — the Sutlej, Beas and Ravi — had been allocated to India and that of the western rivers — the Indus, Jhelum and Chenab — to Pakistan except for certain non-consumptive uses.

The Kishanganga Hydroelectric Plant is part of a run-of the-river hyderoelectric scheme that is designed to divert water from the Kishanganga river to a power plant in the Jhelum River basin. It is located 3 km north of Bandipore with an installed capacity of 330 MW.

Construction on the project began in 2007 and was expected to be complete in 2017. However, construction was halted by Hague’s Court of Arbitration in October 2011 due to Pakistan’s protest. All the three units (3 x 10 MW) were commissioned and synchronised with the electricity grid by 30 March 2018.

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Bangladesh envoy meets S Jaishankar, Dhaka foreign minister may visit India in April

India and Bangladesh are stepping up diplomatic engagement as S Jaishankar meets envoy Riaz Hamidullah and discussions begin on a possible visit by Dhaka’s foreign minister.

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Bangladesh envoy meets S jayshankar

India’s External Affairs Minister S. Jaishankar met Bangladesh High Commissioner Riaz Hamidullah, marking a key diplomatic engagement amid efforts to further strengthen bilateral ties between the two countries.

The meeting assumes significance as it was Hamidullah’s first interaction with a senior Indian cabinet minister since he took charge in May last year.

Following the meeting, Hamidullah shared on social media that he had a “courtesy call” with Jaishankar and reaffirmed Bangladesh’s readiness to work together with India in areas of shared interest and mutual benefit.

Jaishankar also highlighted the importance of the engagement, noting that discussions focused on advancing bilateral relations between the neighbouring nations.

Possible visit by Bangladesh foreign minister

Diplomatic engagements between the two countries are expected to intensify in the coming weeks. According to sources, Bangladesh Foreign Minister Khalilur Rahman may visit India in the second week of April.

The visit is likely to be planned alongside his participation in a ministerial-level meeting of the Indian Ocean Rim Association (IORA) in Mauritius.

Rahman, who previously studied at Jawaharlal Nehru University in New Delhi, is considered familiar with India’s strategic and political landscape. He had also visited India in November last year in his earlier role as national security adviser under the interim government led by Muhammad Yunus.

He was appointed foreign minister after Tarique Rahman assumed office earlier this year.

High-level exchanges expected

Prime Minister Narendra Modi had earlier congratulated Tarique Rahman on his electoral victory and extended an invitation to visit India.

Lok Sabha Speaker Om Birla also attended Rahman’s swearing-in ceremony and later conveyed a personal letter from Modi, reiterating the invitation for an official visit.

The recent meeting between Jaishankar and Hamidullah is seen as part of broader diplomatic efforts to maintain momentum in India-Bangladesh relations through sustained high-level dialogue.

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PM Modi speaks to Qatar, France, Jordan, Oman and Malaysia leaders on Middle East tensions

PM Modi held talks with leaders of five nations, stressing dialogue, condemning attacks on energy infrastructure and urging stability in the Middle East.

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PM Narendra Modi

Prime Minister Narendra Modi held a series of high-level conversations with leaders from multiple countries, including Emmanuel Macron, as concerns grow over the escalating situation in the Middle East.

During separate telephonic discussions with leaders of Qatar, Jordan, Oman and Malaysia, the prime minister stressed the urgent need for de-escalation through dialogue and diplomacy. He also strongly condemned recent attacks targeting energy infrastructure in the region, warning that such actions could worsen tensions.

In his interaction with Qatar’s Amir, Sheikh Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani, PM Modi conveyed Eid greetings and reaffirmed India’s solidarity with the Gulf nation. He appreciated the support extended to the Indian community and reiterated the importance of ensuring safe and free navigation through the Strait of Hormuz.

Speaking with King Abdullah II, the prime minister again underlined the need for restoring peace and stability. Both leaders expressed concern over the evolving situation and agreed that attacks on energy infrastructure could trigger avoidable escalation. PM Modi also acknowledged Jordan’s assistance in facilitating the safe return of stranded Indian nationals.

In a separate exchange with French President Emmanuel Macron, the leaders discussed the urgent need to reduce tensions and maintain diplomatic efforts. Both sides agreed to continue close coordination to support peace initiatives in the region.

PM Modi also spoke with Haitham bin Tariq, where the two leaders emphasised prioritising dialogue for restoring stability. The prime minister condemned violations of Oman’s sovereignty and appreciated its role in helping evacuate people, including Indian citizens.

During his conversation with Malaysian Prime Minister Anwar Ibrahim, PM Modi exchanged festive greetings and discussed the broader regional situation. Both leaders reaffirmed their commitment to resolving the crisis through peaceful means.

These diplomatic engagements come amid heightened tensions following military actions involving the United States, Israel and Iran. India has consistently advocated for stability in the region, given its strategic and economic interests, particularly in energy security and maritime trade routes.

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Russian oil tanker rerouted to India amid Middle East crisis, to reach Mangaluru on March 21

A Russian oil tanker bound for China has been diverted to India as Middle East tensions disrupt global energy supply chains.

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A Russian oil tanker carrying around 7.7 lakh barrels of crude oil is set to arrive at India’s New Mangalore port on March 21 after changing its original route to China, a senior government official said on Thursday.

The vessel, Aqua Titan, which sails under the Cameroon flag, departed from a Russian port on January 18. It altered its course while in the South China Sea and is now heading towards India, reflecting shifting global oil trade patterns amid ongoing geopolitical tensions.

Middle East conflict disrupts global supply

The diversion comes against the backdrop of escalating conflict in the Middle East. The ongoing war involving Iran, along with its retaliatory strikes on Gulf nations, has significantly disrupted oil and natural gas exports from the region. These disruptions have also led to temporary production halts in key energy facilities.

Since the conflict began on February 28, at least four Indian-flagged vessels carrying oil and gas cargo have already reached Indian ports safely.

Indian vessels stranded near Strait of Hormuz

According to the Ministry of Ports, Shipping and Waterways, a large number of Indian vessels remain stuck near the Strait of Hormuz, a critical global oil transit route.

Currently, 22 Indian-flagged cargo ships, along with 611 seafarers, are stranded in the western part of the Persian Gulf. Additionally, two loaded Indian vessels are positioned in the eastern section of the Strait.

Officials confirmed that authorities, including the Directorate General of Shipping, are closely monitoring the situation in coordination with shipowners, recruitment agencies, and Indian embassies. All Indian crew members in the region are reported to be safe, with no incidents recorded in the past 24 hours.

Global shipping crisis deepens

The disruption is not limited to Indian vessels. Around 700 ships from various countries have reportedly been stranded near the Strait of Hormuz for nearly 20 days. This has impacted global oil flows, with nearly 20 percent of crude supplies from the Middle East failing to reach international markets.

India, which imports about 85 percent of its crude oil needs from over 40 countries, is among the nations most affected by the crisis.

Oil prices surge amid attacks on energy infrastructure

Amid rising tensions, global crude prices have surged sharply, with Brent crude crossing $115 per barrel. Iran has threatened further strikes on regional energy installations following attacks linked to Israeli actions.

Recent incidents include missile strikes on Qatar’s Ras Laffan LNG facility, drone attacks on a Saudi refinery along the Red Sea, and fires reported at oil installations in Kuwait.

Government steps up monitoring and response

Authorities have stepped up efforts to manage the situation. The Directorate General of Shipping has facilitated the return of over 472 Indian seafarers so far, including 25 repatriated in the last 24 hours.

Despite the global disruption, India’s ports continue to operate without congestion. Officials confirmed that ports have sufficient storage capacity and are maintaining strict monitoring of vessel movement and cargo handling operations.

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