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While Prime Minister Narendra Modi talks about capitalizing on India’s demographic dividend and bringing labour reforms, WEF report shows how country fails on most parameters
Prime Minister Narendra Modi may never fail to mention India’s massive demographic dividend and his efforts at capitalizing on it to boost the country’s economy, but a recent report by the World Economic Forum (WEF) shows how the country seems to be failing its teeming millions – a majority of them young, restless and in a continued search of employment prospects.
The new Global Human Capital Index released by the WEF on Wednesday places India at an appalling 103rd position among 130 countries – the lowest rank among the BRICS nations and the elite G20 grouping. India, with its massive population of over 1.2 billion, is only slightly ahead of its neighbours Bangladesh and Pakistan which have been placed at the 111th and 125th positions.
The Global Human Capital Index 2017 ranks countries on how they are developing their human capital on a scale from 0 (worst) to 100 (best). These rankings are calculated based on a country’s performance on four basic parameters – capacity, deployment, development, and know-how and takes into account five age groups for this computation – 0-14 years; 15-24 years; 25-54 years; 55-64 years; and 65 years and over.
India also ranks “among the lowest in the world” when it comes to the employment gender gap. However, what Prime Minister Modi and his government can take solace is in the fact that the country has fared well on the score of development of skills needed for the future, ranking 65 on the list of 130 countries surveyed.
Prime Minister Narendra Modi
Modi has been emphasising on the importance of skill development and only recently when he reshuffled his council of ministers, the Prime Minister had dropped Rajiv Pratap Rudy, who held the portfolio of skills development minister, apparently because of his poor performance. The portfolio was given to Piyush Goyal, a minister Modi seems to have great faith in. It is a different matter though that the WEF report would have been collated based on facts and figures that were from the time when Rudy was Union minister for Skills Development – the only parameter where the country seems to have performed mildly better in the Global Human Capital Index.
The Modi government may, however, claim that its stint hasn’t destroyed the country’s demographic dividend altogether – though it has evidently not done anything substantial to tap into it either – as India registered a two-slot rise this year, finishing at the 103rd rank in place of last year’s 105th.
The index is led by Scandinavian nations Norway, Finland and Switzerland, followed by large, developed economies such as the US and Germany. In South Asia, the race is led by Sri Lanka at rank 70 and Nepal at 98 – both ahead of India despite being smaller economies with lesser population.
Education – an area which seems to be getting the Centre’s attention only to the extent of re-writing history books with an aim of deleting references to the country’s first Prime Minister Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru or the influence of Mughal/Muslim rulers of the country – is also where the country has performed abysmally. India ranks 110th in primary education attainment among 25-54 age group. The country also stood a poor 111th in vocation education enrolment rate and humiliating 120th in medium-skilled employment.
While the Modi government has been talking about labour reforms, the index places India at rank 118 on the score of labour force participation in the 25-54 age group. However, the most dubious distinction for the country is that it ranks dead last across all age groups in the employment gender gap.
Citing the factors because of which India failed to tap its human capital, WEF said, “India is held back by a number of factors, including low educational attainment and low deployment of its human capital, meaning the skills available are not getting put to good use.”
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