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National Science Day 2022: Speech and essay ideas to mark the discovery of the Raman effect by Sir C. V. Raman

National Science Day is celebrated annually in India on this day to mark the discovery of the Raman effect by Indian physicist Sir C. V. Raman on 28 February 1928. This year, the theme of National Science Day is Integrated Approach in S&T for Sustainable Future.

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National Science Day 2022: Speech and essay ideas to mark the discovery of the Raman effect by Sir C. V. Raman

National Science Day is celebrated annually in India on this day to mark the discovery of the Raman effect by Indian physicist Sir C. V. Raman on 28 February 1928. For his discovery, Sir C.V. Raman was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1930. It is celebrated to spread a message about the relevance of science in everyday living. It is observed by discussing various concerns and implementing new technology for scientific advancement.

This year, the theme of National Science Day is Integrated Approach in S&T for Sustainable Future.

On National Science Day, here are easy speech and essay ideas for students.

  1. Good Morning,

Honourable guests and my dear friends, I am extremely honoured to speak before this honourable gathering about the ‘National Science Day’.

Every year on February 28 we celebrate this day to mark the invention of the ‘Raman Effect’. However, do you know what it is and why the government have dedicated a day? Raman Effect also known as Raman scattering was an important discovery in the field of scattering of light. The discovery states that when the light traverses through a transparent object some of it gets dispersed and the dispersed light changes its wavelength and amplitude, though slightly. He was also awarded Nobel Prize in 1930 in Physics for this important discovery.

National Science Day promotes science and technology and its feasibility in our daily life. It also encourages scientists, writers, students, and others who are involved in the promotion of science and technology. The day must be observed with the same diligence every year. It should not be limited only to the science fraternity but also must have participants from various walks of life.


2. India celebrates National Science Day on 28th February to commemorate the discovery of the ‘Raman Effect’ by a great Indian scientist Dr. Chandrasekhar Venkata Raman or C.V. Raman. He had invented the Raman Effect on 28th February 1928.

Raman Effect was an important discovery in the field of scattering of light. The discovery states that when the light traverses through a transparent object some of it gets dispersed and the dispersed light changes its wavelength and amplitude, though slightly. The discovery was made by Sir C.V. Raman on 26th February 1928. He was also awarded the 1930 Nobel Prize in Physics for this important discovery. It is to commemorate Sir C.V. Raman and his discovery, the ‘Raman Effect’ that we celebrate National Science Day.

The first National Science Day was celebrated in 1987. Nearly six decades after Sir C.V. Raman made the important discovery, the National Council for Science and Technology Communication (NCSTC), requested the government in 1986, to designate February 28th as the National Science Day. Hence, beginning from 1987, National Science Day is observed every year in Indian schools, colleges, universities, and other relevant places.

One of the main events of the day includes ‘National Science Popularization Awards’ handed over to the people and also institutions for outstanding contribution in the field of science or for the popularization of science and communication. Several activities like debates, talk shows, science exhibitions, etc. are held to celebrate National Science Day.


3. It is a great pleasure to talk on this day – the National Science Day.

National Science Day is celebrated in India every year on the 28th of February. But why do we celebrate this day? What is the aim of it? This day commemorates the invention of the Raman Effect by the great Indian physicist, Sir Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman. It was on this same day that Sir Raman made to the world his greatest invention, the Raman Effect, in the year 1928. He was awarded and honored in the year 1930 with the Nobel Prize in Physics for his great success in the field of science in India.

On this day, we show our dignity and respect to the famous Indian physicist to mark his discovery of the Raman Effect. CV Raman was born on the 7th of November 1888 at Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu. His father was a lecturer in Physics and Maths. Raman was the first person to research such an invention in India. He worked from 1907 to 1933 in Kolkata at the Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, doing research on so many topics in Physics, of which the Raman Effect became his great success. His discovery marked a notable achievement in Indian history.

So, what is Raman Effect? It is the effect of the scattering of light when passing through different materials.

The day is celebrated as a science carnival, recognizing the scientific activities and programs in the country through the participation of students from schools and colleges, along with scientists from the state and national faculties. These events organized during this National Science Day celebration provides a platform for various newcomers/scientists to start their career in the field of science.

The main objectives of celebrating this National Science Day is to bring awareness to people about the importance of scientific applications in their daily life and to encourage them by popularizing Science and Technology. It allows the scientists and experts from the field to discuss issues and new technologies trending in the field. Also, the celebration is aimed at giving an opportunity for a younger generation to display their activities, efforts, and achievements in the field of science for human welfare.

Read Also: National Science Day 2022: Theme, history, significance, here’s all you need to know

As students, it is our responsibility of every student to honor the great man and his invention, by contributing greatly to the field of science through innovation.

All the very best to enhance your scientific zeal.

India News

Thick smog engulfs Delhi, flights and trains delayed as air quality slips to very poor

Delhi remained under a thick smog cover as air quality dipped into the very poor category, causing delays in flights and train services due to low visibility.

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A dense blanket of smog covered Delhi on Saturday morning, pushing air quality into the ‘very poor’ category and disrupting flight and train operations across the national capital and adjoining areas. Reduced visibility due to smog led to delays in air and rail traffic, while authorities warned that pollution levels could worsen further in the coming days.

The Air Quality Index (AQI) in Delhi was recorded at 380, placing it in the ‘very poor’ bracket. Visuals from Bhairav Marg near Pragati Maidan showed motorists using headlights during early hours, as visibility remained low. At around 7 am, the AQI at this location stood at 433.

Nearly half of Delhi’s air quality monitoring stations reported ‘severe’ pollution levels. Anand Vihar recorded an AQI of 428 with PM2.5 as the dominant pollutant, while Jahangirpuri reported an AQI of 425.

Transport services hit by low visibility

Flight operations at Delhi airport were impacted due to low visibility conditions. The airport issued an advisory asking passengers to check with their respective airlines for updated flight information, as low visibility procedures were in place. Runway visibility was reported to be between 800 and 1,200 metres.

Live flight tracking data showed multiple flights running behind schedule. One airline also warned passengers about possible disruptions at several airports in northern and eastern India, including Delhi, due to dense fog conditions. Travellers were advised to verify flight status before heading to the airport, with options offered on select flights to reschedule or seek refunds without additional charges.

Rail services were also affected, with more than 30 trains running late by an average of three to four hours. Some long-distance trains reported delays of over six to eight hours, causing inconvenience to passengers travelling to and from the capital.

Air quality likely to worsen

The weather department had earlier forecast dense to very dense fog at isolated places over Delhi and several parts of north and central India. According to the Air Quality Early Warning System for Delhi, pollution levels are expected to remain in the ‘very poor’ category on Saturday and may slip into the ‘severe’ category on Sunday and Monday. In view of the deteriorating conditions, an ‘orange’ alert has been issued for Saturday.

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PM Modi inaugurates India’s first nature-themed airport terminal in Assam

Prime Minister Narendra Modi inaugurates the new nature-themed terminal at Guwahati airport, the largest in Northeast India, built around bamboo, orchids and regional heritage.

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Prime Minister Narendra Modi is set to inaugurate the new terminal building of Lokapriya Gopinath Bordoloi International (LGBI) Airport in Guwahati today, marking a major milestone for aviation infrastructure in the Northeast. Built at an estimated cost of around Rs 4,000 crore, the facility is being projected as the largest airport terminal in the region and a key boost to connectivity, tourism and economic activity in Assam.

The Prime Minister is scheduled to arrive in Guwahati around 3 pm as part of his two-day visit to the state.

Northeast’s largest airport terminal takes shape in Guwahati

The newly constructed terminal is nearly seven times larger than the existing one and has been designed to cater to the region’s rapidly growing air traffic. Once fully operational, it is expected to handle up to 13.1 million passengers annually by 2032.

Officials said the terminal is planned as a regional connectivity hub, with a focus on strengthening air links between India and Southeast Asia. The airport will be capable of handling up to 34 air traffic movements per hour, the highest capacity among airports in the Northeast. The facility will also be equipped with one of the most advanced Instrument Landing Systems to support safer and more efficient operations.

Nature-inspired design rooted in Assam’s identity

What sets the Guwahati terminal apart is its distinctive nature-themed architecture. Conceptualised under the theme “Bamboo Orchids”, it is being described as India’s first airport terminal inspired entirely by natural and cultural elements.

The interiors draw from the landscapes of Northeast India, with design elements reflecting indigenous orchids, locally known as Kopou Phool, and the flow of the Brahmaputra river. The terminal incorporates more than 2,000 species of plants, includes a dedicated zone inspired by Kaziranga National Park, and features artefacts representing Majuli Island.

A key architectural highlight is the expansive bamboo vault, created using around 140 metric tonnes of locally sourced bamboo. The space has been envisioned as a multifunctional cultural centre aimed at encouraging community interaction and showcasing the region’s heritage. Design elements such as japi motifs, the iconic rhino symbol and 57 orchid-inspired columns further reinforce the cultural narrative.

Arriving passengers will also experience a unique “Sky Forest”, featuring nearly one lakh plants of indigenous species, designed to create an immersive forest-like ambience within the terminal.

Focus on digital integration and passenger convenience

Spread over nearly 1.4 lakh square metres, the integrated new terminal has been designed to handle around 1.3 crore passengers annually. It is supported by significant upgrades to the runway, airfield systems, aprons and taxiways.

The terminal places strong emphasis on digital integration, with 14 entry points, including four DigiYatra gates, aimed at easing passenger movement. Facilities such as full-body scanners for non-intrusive security checks, automated baggage handling systems, fast-track immigration and AI-driven airport operations have been incorporated to ensure smoother travel experiences.

Other engagements during PM Modi’s Assam visit

During his two-day stay, the Prime Minister will also lay foundation stones for multiple development projects and address public gatherings. He is scheduled to visit the Swahid Smarak Kshetra to pay tribute to the martyrs of the historic Assam Movement.

Later in the day, PM Modi will perform the bhoomipujan for a new brownfield Ammonia-Urea Fertiliser Project at Namrup in Dibrugarh district, within the existing premises of the Brahmaputra Valley Fertiliser Corporation Limited.

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Assam train accident: Eight elephants killed after Rajdhani Express derailment in Hojai

Eight elephants were killed after the Rajdhani Express collided with a herd in Assam’s Hojai district, causing multiple coaches to derail and disrupting train services.

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At least eight elephants were killed and a calf was injured after a herd collided with the Sairang–New Delhi Rajdhani Express in Assam’s Hojai district, leading to the derailment of the locomotive and five coaches early Saturday. Railway officials confirmed that no passengers were injured in the incident.

Forest department officials said the collision occurred when the New Delhi-bound Rajdhani Express struck a herd of elephants on the tracks. The impact caused multiple coaches to derail, disrupting rail traffic on the busy route connecting the Northeast with the national capital.

Train services hit, passengers shifted to other coaches

Following the derailment, rail movement towards Upper Assam and other parts of the Northeast was affected due to damaged coaches and elephant remains scattered on the tracks. Accident relief trains and senior railway officials rushed to the site to restore services.

Passengers travelling in the affected coaches were temporarily accommodated in vacant berths in other coaches of the same train. Officials said that once the train reaches Guwahati, additional coaches will be attached to ensure all passengers can continue their journey.

Collision occurred outside designated elephant corridor

According to officials, the accident took place at a location that is not marked as a designated elephant corridor. The loco pilot reportedly applied emergency brakes after spotting the herd on the tracks, but the elephants ran into the train, resulting in the collision and derailment.

Forest authorities confirmed that eight elephants died on the spot, while one injured calf was rescued. Local residents said the herd consisted of around eight elephants at the time of the accident.

Elephant deaths in train accidents remain a concern

The incident comes amid continued concerns over wildlife deaths on railway tracks. Data shared by the Environment Ministry in Parliament earlier showed that at least 79 elephants have died in train collisions across India over the past five years, based on reports from states and Union Territories.

The ministry has said that several preventive steps are being taken in coordination with the Railways, including speed restrictions in elephant habitats, use of sensor-based detection systems, and construction of underpasses, ramps and fencing at vulnerable locations. Guidelines and capacity-building programmes have also been introduced to reduce human-animal conflict along railway lines.

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