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India rejects Hague court proceedings on Indus Waters Treaty

India has reiterated it will not participate in Hague arbitration proceedings under the Indus Waters Treaty, stating the agreement remains in abeyance following the Pahalgam attack.

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Indus Water Treaty

India has reiterated its refusal to recognise or participate in proceedings initiated by a Court of Arbitration in The Hague under the Indus Waters Treaty framework, asserting that the treaty itself remains in abeyance following the Pahalgam terror attack last year.

Despite the arbitration court moving ahead with fresh hearings and procedural orders, New Delhi has made it clear that it does not consider the panel legally constituted and will not respond to its communications.

India dismisses court orders as illegitimate

The latest development centres on an order issued by the Court of Arbitration directing India to submit operational pondage logbooks of the Baglihar and Kishanganga hydroelectric projects. The documents were sought as part of what the court described as the “second phase on the merits” of the dispute.

Hearings have been scheduled for February 2 and 3 at the Peace Palace in The Hague. The court has noted that India has neither filed counter submissions nor indicated its participation in the process.

However, government sources said the arbitration panel was “so-called and illegally constituted” and accused it of conducting parallel proceedings alongside the neutral expert mechanism prescribed under the treaty. According to the sources, India does not acknowledge the court’s authority and therefore does not engage with its directions.

They further stated that since the Indus Waters Treaty has been placed in abeyance, India is under no obligation to respond to such requests, describing the move as an attempt by Pakistan to draw New Delhi back into the process.

Treaty placed in abeyance after Pahalgam attack

India’s decision to suspend the treaty dates back to April 23, 2025, a day after a terror attack in Pahalgam claimed the lives of 26 civilians. The government formally placed the six-decade-old water-sharing agreement in abeyance, linking cooperation under the treaty to Pakistan’s continued support for cross-border terrorism.

The move marked a significant shift in policy, signalling that bilateral arrangements could not operate independently of security considerations.

Pakistan escalates international outreach

Since the decision, Pakistan has stepped up diplomatic and legal efforts, approaching international forums, sending delegations abroad and initiating multiple legal actions to challenge India’s stance.

The Indus river system remains critical for Pakistan’s economy, with a large share of its agriculture dependent on its waters. Limited storage capacity and stressed reservoirs have further heightened Islamabad’s concerns, turning what was once a technical dispute into a strategic issue.

Neutral expert versus arbitration court

Under the treaty’s dispute resolution mechanism, technical disagreements are to be examined by a neutral expert, while legal disputes may be referred to a Court of Arbitration. India has consistently maintained that the current issues fall within the technical domain and has accused Pakistan of forum shopping by activating arbitration proceedings.

The arbitration court has, however, proceeded with the case, stating that India’s position on suspending the treaty does not affect its competence. It has also warned that adverse inferences could be drawn if India fails to comply with its directions.

New Delhi rejects this interpretation and continues to recognise only the neutral expert process, viewing attempts to link the two mechanisms as illegitimate.

Strategic standoff continues

Officials believe the ongoing proceedings in The Hague, conducted without India’s participation, are unlikely to result in binding outcomes. Instead, they see the situation as part of a broader strategic contest, with India choosing disengagement and Pakistan seeking internationalisation of the dispute.

India has consistently maintained that treaties cannot function in isolation from ground realities and that cooperation will remain suspended until what it describes as persistent hostility is addressed.

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Two helicopters collide while landing in Nepal, one Indian killed

Two helicopters struck each other while approaching a heliport near Mount Everest in Nepal. One Indian national died, while another person was taken to hospital with injuries.

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An Indian national was killed and another person injured after two helicopters collided while attempting to land at a high-altitude heliport in Nepal’s Solukhumbu district, near Mount Everest.

Nepal Police confirmed the incident in a post on X. The heliport is located around 250 km from Kathmandu, the country’s capital. The deceased was identified as Vasanth Kumar Balaramaramadu, an Indian national, according to a report by Kathmandu Post.

The accident came into public attention after a video purportedly showing the collision circulated on social media. The footage appears to show the rotor blades of the two helicopters striking each other shortly before landing, following which both aircraft fall onto the icy ground.

However, the authenticity of the video has not been independently verified by report.

Nabin Raja Budhathoki, who is in charge of Solukhumbu district police, told AFP that one foreign national had died at the scene, while another injured person had been taken to hospital.

Helicopters play an important role in Nepal, transporting tourists, mountaineers and supplies across its mountainous terrain. They are also used for emergency evacuations.

Nepal has eight of the world’s 14 highest mountains and receives thousands of foreign climbers and trekkers every year. Flying in these high-altitude areas presents considerable challenges.

At higher elevations, thinner air gives helicopter rotor blades fewer air molecules to push against, reducing the lift they can generate. Engines also receive less oxygen for combustion, which can affect their power output.

A similar high-altitude helicopter accident was reported just days earlier in India’s Uttarakhand. That helicopter crashed shortly after taking off from Badrinath, killing all six people on board, including the pilot and five passengers.

An Indian national was killed and another person injured after two helicopters collided while landing at a high-altitude heliport in Nepal’s Solukhumbu district, near Mount Everest. A purported video of the collision has surfaced on social media, but its authenticity remains unverified.

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Arab parties emerge kingmakers in Israel as Netanyahu falls short of majority

Arab parties have emerged as potential kingmakers in Israel after Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu’s right-wing bloc fell short of the 61 seats required for a parliamentary majority. The opposition bloc also failed to secure a majority on its own.

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PM Benjamin Netanyahu

Arab political parties have emerged as crucial players in Israel’s government formation process after the country’s 2026 parliamentary election left both Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu’s ruling bloc and the opposition short of the numbers needed to secure a majority.

According to the final vote count, Netanyahu’s right-wing bloc secured 53 seats, while the opposition bloc won 48 seats. Arab parties, meanwhile, secured a combined 19 seats, placing them in a potentially decisive position in negotiations over the next government.

Israel’s parliament, the Knesset, has 120 seats, and a coalition needs at least 61 to form a government. With neither major political bloc reaching that threshold independently, Arab parties could play an important role in determining the country’s political direction.

The figures were reported following the release of results by Israel’s Central Elections Committee on Thursday.

Netanyahu’s Likud remains largest party

Despite falling short of a parliamentary majority, Netanyahu’s Likud party is expected to emerge as the largest single party in the Knesset, with 27 seats.

However, the overall performance of his right-wing bloc has left him facing difficulties in securing enough support to form the next government.

The opposition bloc, led by former military chief Gadi Eisenkot, also failed to reach the 61-seat threshold with its 48 seats.

The outcome has made coalition negotiations particularly important, with the support of Arab-led parties potentially changing the parliamentary arithmetic.

How Arab parties could influence government formation

The combined 19 seats won by Arab parties have given them considerable influence in the post-election political landscape.

Even without formally joining a government coalition, Arab lawmakers could support Netanyahu’s opponents in important parliamentary votes.

One possibility involves supporting the opposition in the election of a new Knesset speaker. Such backing could give the opposition greater control over parliamentary proceedings and potentially allow it to advance legislation before a new government is formed.

Netanyahu’s main rival, Gadi Eisenkot, has indicated that he is open to working with Arab-led parties under certain conditions.

Ahmad Tibi, who is second on the Arab-led Joint List, also said that the opposition bloc had approached him about replacing the Knesset speaker. He indicated that his party would support the opposition’s candidate.

However, the possibility of cooperation remains politically complicated, given differences within the opposition over working with Arab parties.

Netanyahu faces corruption charges and October 7 scrutiny

The election outcome could also have significant implications for Netanyahu’s political future.

If he loses office, he would face accountability over long-standing corruption charges. A formal investigation would also almost certainly be launched into the security failures surrounding the Hamas-led attack on Israel on October 7, 2023.

Netanyahu has faced sustained political pressure over the handling of the security lapses surrounding the attack.

Meanwhile, his party amplified allegations that Arab-led parties had stolen the election, potentially with foreign assistance, as the final results emerged.

The allegations were not substantiated in the report.

Opposition leaders accused Netanyahu of targeting and demonising Israel’s Arab population following the historic performance of Arab-led parties.

Another election remains a possibility

With neither political bloc securing an independent majority, Israel could face another election if negotiations fail to produce a government.

The next government formation process will therefore depend on whether the opposition can secure support from Arab parties or find other political arrangements to reach the required majority.

For now, the 19 seats won by Arab parties have placed them in a pivotal position, while Netanyahu’s 53-seat bloc remains short of the numbers required to govern independently.

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Israel election results show no clear winner as Netanyahu short of majority

Israel’s 2026 election has produced no clear winner, with Benjamin Netanyahu’s bloc and the opposition led by Gadi Eisenkot both short of the 61 seats required for a majority in the Knesset.

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PM Benjamin Netanyahu

Israel’s 2026 parliamentary election has left Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu’s bloc and the opposition bloc led by Gadi Eisenkot short of a majority in the Knesset, leaving the formation of the next government uncertain.

Exit polls released after voting ended on October 27 projected different seat totals for Netanyahu’s bloc and the opposition led by Gadi Eisenkot. The differing projections indicated that neither bloc was assured of a majority.

The Knesset, Israel’s parliament, has 120 seats, and a majority requires at least 61. The initial projections suggested that neither side had reached that threshold.

Netanyahu and Eisenkot blocs fall short

Exit polls from Channels 11 and 13 projected 51 seats for each of the two rival blocs, while Channel 12 projected 52 seats for Netanyahu’s bloc.

Although Netanyahu’s Likud party was projected to remain the largest individual party, its position did not automatically guarantee another term for the prime minister.

A partial count reported on October 28 put Netanyahu’s bloc at 53 seats, the opposition bloc led by Eisenkot at 48 and Arab-led parties at 19. These figures were provisional, with the counting and verification of special ballots still capable of changing the seat distribution.

Arab-led parties could influence government formation

Arab-led parties could influence the coalition arithmetic because neither main bloc had secured a majority in the partial count. However, their seat totals alone do not establish whether they will support either bloc in government formation.

However, the number of seats won by a party or bloc does not by itself determine who becomes prime minister. Government formation depends on whether a candidate can secure sufficient parliamentary support.

The final seat distribution and the positions taken by potential coalition partners will therefore be important in determining the next steps.

What happens next in Israel?

After the official results are announced, President Isaac Herzog is expected to consult representatives of the elected parties and assign the task of forming a government to the candidate he believes has the best chance of securing parliamentary support.

Coalition negotiations could take weeks. If neither side can assemble a government, the country could face further political uncertainty.

At the reporting stage described on October 28, the count was still underway, and the available figures had not established whether either bloc could secure a majority in the Knesset.

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