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India rejects Hague court proceedings on Indus Waters Treaty

India has reiterated it will not participate in Hague arbitration proceedings under the Indus Waters Treaty, stating the agreement remains in abeyance following the Pahalgam attack.

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Indus Water Treaty

India has reiterated its refusal to recognise or participate in proceedings initiated by a Court of Arbitration in The Hague under the Indus Waters Treaty framework, asserting that the treaty itself remains in abeyance following the Pahalgam terror attack last year.

Despite the arbitration court moving ahead with fresh hearings and procedural orders, New Delhi has made it clear that it does not consider the panel legally constituted and will not respond to its communications.

India dismisses court orders as illegitimate

The latest development centres on an order issued by the Court of Arbitration directing India to submit operational pondage logbooks of the Baglihar and Kishanganga hydroelectric projects. The documents were sought as part of what the court described as the “second phase on the merits” of the dispute.

Hearings have been scheduled for February 2 and 3 at the Peace Palace in The Hague. The court has noted that India has neither filed counter submissions nor indicated its participation in the process.

However, government sources said the arbitration panel was “so-called and illegally constituted” and accused it of conducting parallel proceedings alongside the neutral expert mechanism prescribed under the treaty. According to the sources, India does not acknowledge the court’s authority and therefore does not engage with its directions.

They further stated that since the Indus Waters Treaty has been placed in abeyance, India is under no obligation to respond to such requests, describing the move as an attempt by Pakistan to draw New Delhi back into the process.

Treaty placed in abeyance after Pahalgam attack

India’s decision to suspend the treaty dates back to April 23, 2025, a day after a terror attack in Pahalgam claimed the lives of 26 civilians. The government formally placed the six-decade-old water-sharing agreement in abeyance, linking cooperation under the treaty to Pakistan’s continued support for cross-border terrorism.

The move marked a significant shift in policy, signalling that bilateral arrangements could not operate independently of security considerations.

Pakistan escalates international outreach

Since the decision, Pakistan has stepped up diplomatic and legal efforts, approaching international forums, sending delegations abroad and initiating multiple legal actions to challenge India’s stance.

The Indus river system remains critical for Pakistan’s economy, with a large share of its agriculture dependent on its waters. Limited storage capacity and stressed reservoirs have further heightened Islamabad’s concerns, turning what was once a technical dispute into a strategic issue.

Neutral expert versus arbitration court

Under the treaty’s dispute resolution mechanism, technical disagreements are to be examined by a neutral expert, while legal disputes may be referred to a Court of Arbitration. India has consistently maintained that the current issues fall within the technical domain and has accused Pakistan of forum shopping by activating arbitration proceedings.

The arbitration court has, however, proceeded with the case, stating that India’s position on suspending the treaty does not affect its competence. It has also warned that adverse inferences could be drawn if India fails to comply with its directions.

New Delhi rejects this interpretation and continues to recognise only the neutral expert process, viewing attempts to link the two mechanisms as illegitimate.

Strategic standoff continues

Officials believe the ongoing proceedings in The Hague, conducted without India’s participation, are unlikely to result in binding outcomes. Instead, they see the situation as part of a broader strategic contest, with India choosing disengagement and Pakistan seeking internationalisation of the dispute.

India has consistently maintained that treaties cannot function in isolation from ground realities and that cooperation will remain suspended until what it describes as persistent hostility is addressed.

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US announces new America First visa schedule to boost business ties with India

During his official state visit to New Delhi, US Secretary of State Marco Rubio announced a new America First visa schedule designed to prioritise business professionals and boost bilateral trade efficiency.

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In a significant development aimed at strengthening bilateral cooperation, the United States has introduced a new “America First” visa schedule. The policy update was announced by US Secretary of State Marco Rubio during his official four-day visit to India. The new schedule is specifically designed to prioritise business professionals who play a key role in fortifying trade and strategic connections between the two nations.

Speaking about the initiative in the national capital, the top US diplomat clarified that the updated framework will not only assist visa applicants but will also significantly enhance operational productivity for the diplomatic mission. “We’re introducing a new America First visa schedule that prioritises business professionals that strengthen these ties,” Rubio stated. He added that the arrangement will enable the system to process applications with greater accuracy, speed, and efficiency.

Focus on Indo-Pacific and regional security

The announcement coincided with high-level discussions between the visiting diplomat and Prime Minister Narendra Modi. The meeting, which lasted for over an hour, covered critical areas of bilateral interest, including trade, energy security, strategic technologies, defence cooperation, and the ongoing West Asia crisis. During the interaction, Rubio extended an official invitation from US President Donald Trump for PM Modi to visit the White House in the near future.

The US Secretary of State described the partnership between New Delhi and Washington as a foundational cornerstone of America’s overarching strategy for the Indo-Pacific region. Highlighting India’s central role, Rubio noted that his very first official engagement upon taking office was a meeting of the Quadrilateral Security Dialogue (Quad), emphasizing that hosting the upcoming foreign ministers’ meeting in India acts as a tangible sign of the deep commitment to this framework.

Clarification on immigration rules

Addressing separate concerns regarding recent shifts in American immigration policies, the top diplomat provided a crucial clarification regarding the new guidelines for permanent residency. Media reports had previously highlighted anxieties surrounding a newly instituted rule that requires many legal immigrants to exit the US and apply for green cards from their home countries.

Rubio explicitly stated to the media that these measures are universal regulatory updates rather than policy shifts targeted at any specific nation. He reassured that the rule is applicable globally to all international applicants and is not directed exclusively at Indian citizens.

The visit marks Rubio’s first official trip to India since assuming office. His comprehensive itinerary began in Kolkata and includes a scheduled bilateral dialogue with External Affairs Minister S Jaishankar, alongside participation in the Quad Foreign Ministers’ meeting alongside international counterparts.

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High stakes for India-US ties as top American diplomat arrives for critical bilateral talks

US Secretary of State Marco Rubio has arrived in India for a vital four-day tour aimed at reinforcing bilateral cooperation amid global energy challenges, tariff disputes, and shifting regional security dynamics.

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US Secretary of State Marco Rubio has landed in Kolkata to begin an extensive four-day diplomatic tour of India, marking his first official visit to the country since assuming office. The visit arrives at a crucial juncture for bilateral relations, with both nations navigating complex global alignments, ongoing geopolitical conflicts, and shifting economic dynamics.

Upon arriving in Kolkata, the top diplomat broke a 14-year hiatus since a US secretary of state last traveled to the eastern metropolis. Accompanied by his wife, Jeanette D. Rubio, and the US Ambassador to India, Sergio Gor, the delegation commenced the tour by visiting the Missionaries of Charity headquarters, the historical Mother House founded by Mother Teresa.

Strategic energy shifts and regional security on the table

The four-day visit carries elevated strategic significance as the two major global partners look to address critical geopolitical challenges. Headlining the bilateral talks are the economic ripples of the US-Iran war, particularly its immediate fallout on international energy security and commercial trade routes.

The energy partnership remains a key focal point. While India continues to procure substantial volumes of discounted Russian crude oil to stabilize its domestic market, Washington is actively attempting to diversify New Delhi’s energy footprint by expanding American liquefied natural gas (LNG) and crude exports to the South Asian nation. Additionally, the leadership will deliberate on resolving recent trade frictions arising from tariffs imposed by the US on Indian goods.

Strengthening the bilateral roadmap

Prior to starting his engagements, the Secretary of State underlined the strength of the relationship, characterizing India as an invaluable partner and ally with whom Washington shares a robust and extensive collaborative framework. The visit serves as a top-level initiative to stabilize and accelerate the momentum of the bilateral partnership, backed by the personal investment of both US President Donald Trump and Prime Minister Narendra Modi.

The diplomat’s packed itinerary includes a high-profile meeting with Prime Minister Narendra Modi, followed by extensive bilateral discussions with External Affairs Minister S. Jaishankar. Furthermore, the tour will culminate in New Delhi, where the Secretary of State will join regional partners for a meeting of the Quad foreign ministers. Cultural stops in Agra and Jaipur are also scheduled during the four-day visit.

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India and Cyprus elevate bilateral ties to strategic partnership with six new agreements

India and Cyprus have officially upgraded their ties to a Strategic Partnership. Following wide-ranging talks between PM Modi and President Christodoulides, the two nations signed six key pacts spanning defence, cybersecurity, counter-terrorism, and higher education.

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In a major diplomatic milestone, India and Cyprus have officially upgraded their bilateral relations to a “Strategic Partnership.” Prime Minister Narendra Modi and Cyprus President Nikos Christodoulides held extensive discussions at Hyderabad House, focusing on deepening collaboration across defence, trade, technology, connectivity, and education.

Following the high-level talks, the two nations signed six pivotal agreements and Memorandums of Understanding (MoUs) designed to institutionalize and scale up cooperation across multiple critical sectors.

Driving Security and Defence Synergies

A central highlight of the summit was the focus on national security and regional stability. The two countries announced a comprehensive Defence Cooperation Roadmap spanning 2026–2031, aimed at advancing military exchanges, joint training, and strategic exercises. To address emerging digital threats, a dedicated Cybersecurity Dialogue was established along with an institutional framework for consular discussions.

The security architecture was further strengthened with the formal setup of a Joint Working Group on counter-terrorism. Additionally, a technical arrangement was concluded between the Larnaca Joint Rescue Coordination Center of Cyprus and India’s Ministry of Defence to streamline official coordination for search and rescue operations.

Building Economic and Educational Bridges

On the economic front, Prime Minister Modi highlighted that Cyprus remains one of India’s top ten investors, with inbound investment nearly doubling over the past decade. He noted that the upcoming India-EU Free Trade Agreement opens up massive avenues, setting a bilateral target to double these investments again over the next five years. Furthermore, Cyprus announced its decision to join the Indo-Pacific Oceans Initiative, aligning itself under the pillar dedicated to trade, connectivity, and maritime transport.

In tech and innovation, an MoU was signed between India’s Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology and Cyprus’s Deputy Ministry of Research, Innovation and Digital Policy. The two sides also emphasized human capital by signing a pact for collaboration in higher education and research.

Enhancing Cultural and Diplomatic Bonds

To foster closer diplomatic ties, an agreement was signed between India’s Sushma Swaraj Institute of Foreign Service and the Diplomatic Academy of Cyprus for joint training cooperation. To protect and celebrate heritage, a cultural cooperation agreement was also inked to guide institutional exchange for the period 2026–2030.

Speaking at a joint press conference, PM Modi termed the relationship “future-oriented” and built on a shared commitment to democracy and the rule of law. He highlighted that Cyprus, with its strategic position, serves as a crucial gateway for Indian enterprises looking to expand into the wider European Union market.

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