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Areas selected for smart city development are ‘heat islands’: Study

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Areas selected for smart city development are ‘heat islands’: Study

[vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text]~By Dinesh C Sharma

Study covered 89 of 100 areas selected for smart city projects, says temperature could be 1 to 6 degrees higher than surrounding areas in these heat islands

New Delhi: The phenomenon of urban heat islands, in which concrete and built areas in cities experience higher temperatures than surrounding rural areas, may get accentuated with rapid urbanisation. This is the conclusion of a new study of urban areas selected for development of smart cities.

The study, which covered 89 of 100 areas selected for development of smart cities, has found that agriculture and irrigation are two dominant drivers of urban heat islands or UHI in India. In addition, significant presence of atmospheric aerosols – mainly pollutants – over urban areas can influence UHI.

Moisture from irrigation canals and agriculture fields plays a key role in keeping rural areas surrounding cities much cooler than urban areas, resulting in cities becoming heat islands. In a heat island, temperature could be 1 to 6 degrees higher than surrounding areas. Remote sensing data and climate modelling were used to evaluate UHI all over the country.

When the surrounding non-urban areas have no agriculture during summer, cities are actually relatively cooler during daytime. However, if the non-urban areas are under irrigated agriculture, cities are warmer than surroundings. This means UHI effect during day time is mainly driven by agriculture and irrigation. However, in the night-time, cities are significantly warmer than surroundings in both winter and summer seasons. Night-time urban heat is mainly driven by the amount of heat stored in buildings and other impervious surfaces.

Urban areas located in highly irrigated regions – Indo-Gangetic Plain and north-west India (Haryana and Punjab) – show UHI intensity of 3 to 5 degrees. During summer season (April and May), when air temperature is at the peak, land surface temperature becomes is higher than that of the post-monsoon season in absence of agricultural operations. Moreover, amount of moisture and vegetation in non-urban areas are also limited as crops are largely harvested by the end of March and soil moisture is depleted due to high atmospheric water demands, the study said.

“While urban areas have experienced increased number of heat waves and temperature extremes in recent past, urban heat island effect driven by rapid urbanization can further worsen extreme hot conditions in cities,” pointed out Dr Vimal Mishra, a scientist at the Water and Climate Lab of Indian Institute of Technology, Gandhinagar, which did the study. The results of the study appeared in the journal Scientific Reports.

The development of smart cities will result in rapid growth in urban infrastructure and population, leading to increases in UHI intensity. “Our results can provide policy insights for development of smart cities,” Mishra said. “Considering night-time heating which could be significant during heat waves, measures such as passive cooling should be used. Building materials that absorb less heat and are sustainable can reduce the amount of heating caused by stored heat.” The presence of water bodies and vegetation in cities can also help reduce additional night-time heating in urban heat islands.

The study team included Rahul Kumar and Vimal Mishra (IIT Gandhinagar); Jonathan Buzan and Matthew Huber (Purdue University, USA); Rohini Kumar (UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Leipzig, Germany ); and Drew Shindel (Duke University, USA).

(The article is from a syndicated feed provided by the India Science Wire)[/vc_column_text][/vc_column][/vc_row]

India News

Nandigram bypoll on October 6 after Suvendu Adhikari vacates seat

The Election Commission has announced October 6 as the polling date for the Nandigram bypoll, with votes to be counted on October 9.

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Suvendu-Adhikari

The Election Commission has announced the schedule for the Nandigram bypoll in West Bengal, with voting set to take place on October 6. The counting of votes will be held on October 9.

The by-election has been necessitated by Chief Minister Suvendu Adhikari vacating the Nandigram Assembly seat after winning the constituency as well as Bhabanipur in the 2026 West Bengal Assembly elections. Adhikari decided to retain Bhabanipur and give up his Nandigram seat.

The Election Commission said the poll process will formally begin with the issue of the gazette notification on September 9.

Nandigram bypoll schedule

According to the election schedule, candidates can file their nominations until September 16. The nomination papers will be scrutinised on September 17, while September 19 will be the last date for withdrawal of candidature.

Polling in Nandigram will be conducted on October 6 and votes will be counted on October 9. The Election Commission has said the entire election process will be completed by October 11.

Why is a Nandigram bypoll being held?

The Nandigram Assembly seat fell vacant after Suvendu Adhikari resigned from the constituency.

Adhikari had contested the 2026 West Bengal Assembly elections from both Nandigram and Bhabanipur and won both seats. He subsequently chose to retain Bhabanipur and vacate Nandigram, making a by-election necessary for the constituency.

The Nandigram contest is also significant because Adhikari had defeated Trinamool Congress chief Mamata Banerjee from the constituency in the 2021 West Bengal Assembly election.

Rejinagar bypoll also scheduled

The Election Commission has also announced a by-election for the Rejinagar Assembly constituency in West Bengal. The Rejinagar seat became vacant after Aam Janata Unnayan Party founder Humayun Kabir gave it up.

Polling for Rejinagar will also be held on October 6, with counting scheduled for October 9.

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Telangana Assembly clash: Congress targets BRS over remarks against Speaker

Telangana Assembly witnessed a political clash between Congress and BRS over alleged remarks against Speaker Gaddam Prasad Kumar. Revanth Reddy demanded action against BRS MLC Tata Madhu.

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A political confrontation erupted in the Telangana Assembly on Monday as the ruling Congress and Opposition Bharat Rashtra Samithi (BRS) clashed over alleged objectionable remarks against Assembly Speaker Gaddam Prasad Kumar.

Chief Minister A Revanth Reddy condemned the remarks allegedly made by BRS MLC Tata Madhu and demanded an apology from BRS president K Chandrashekar Rao. Tata Madhu, however, denied making any statement targeting the Speaker.

The controversy unfolded on the opening day of the Telangana Assembly session, which also witnessed a separate confrontation between BRS leaders and police outside the Assembly premises.

Revanth Reddy demands action against BRS MLC

Raising the issue in the House, Revanth Reddy said the remarks against the presiding officer could not be tolerated. He demanded that K Chandrashekar Rao apologise and sought the resignation of the BRS leader accused of making the remarks.

The Chief Minister also called for the membership of the legislator responsible for the alleged remarks to be revoked.

Congress leaders said the matter was particularly serious as Gaddam Prasad Kumar is a Dalit leader holding the constitutional post of Speaker.

SC legislators from the Congress also met Revanth Reddy and urged strict action against Tata Madhu.

Congress seeks suspension of Tata Madhu

The Telangana Pradesh Congress Committee demanded the immediate suspension of Tata Madhu from the Legislative Council over the alleged remarks against the Speaker.

Congress workers also protested against the BRS MLC by burning his effigy.

The BRS legislator, however, denied making objectionable remarks against the Speaker. He maintained that the comments attributed to him were not directed at Gaddam Prasad Kumar.

BRS leaders detained outside Assembly

The controversy inside the House came amid another confrontation outside the Telangana Assembly.

BRS working president K T Rama Rao, former minister T Harish Rao and other party leaders were detained by police after they attempted to enter the Assembly premises wearing black T-shirts.

The BRS leaders were protesting against what they described as the Congress government’s performance during its 1,000 days in office.

The confrontation between BRS leaders and police added to the tension surrounding the opening day of the Assembly session.

Telangana High Court intervenes

The political dispute also took another turn after the Telangana High Court directed the Director General of Police not to prevent BRS MLAs from entering the Assembly.

The court’s intervention came amid the Opposition’s allegations concerning the treatment of its legislators outside the Assembly.

With Congress demanding disciplinary action over the alleged remarks and the BRS accusing the government of suppressing the Opposition, the first day of the Assembly session ended amid a sharp political confrontation.

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India clears Rs. 1.1 lakh crore defence procurement plan for radars, mine layers

India has cleared defence procurement proposals worth around Rs. 1.10 lakh crore for the Army, Navy and Air Force, including radars, mine layers, helicopters and electronic warfare systems.

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Rajnath Singh

The Defence Ministry has cleared military procurement proposals estimated at around Rs. 1.10 lakh crore for the Indian Army, Navy and Air Force, in a major push to strengthen operational capabilities and promote indigenous defence manufacturing.

The proposals were approved by the Defence Acquisition Council (DAC), headed by Defence Minister Rajnath Singh. The ministry said the DAC accorded Acceptance of Necessity (AoN) for a range of acquisitions. AoN is the first stage of the defence procurement process.

Nearly 98 per cent of the approved procurements are expected to be sourced from Indian industry, according to the Defence Ministry.

What the Army will get

The Army-related approvals include Chemical, Biological, Radiological and Nuclear (CBRN) reconnaissance vehicles, high-mobility vehicles, self-propelled mechanical mine layers, Advanced Light Helicopters (ALHs), trawl tanks and the Sarvatra bridge system.

CBRN reconnaissance vehicles will be used to detect and monitor areas contaminated by chemical, biological, radiological or nuclear agents.

The high-mobility vehicles are intended to support troop movement and logistics in difficult terrain. The trawl tanks and Sarvatra bridge system will help combat formations with mobility and crossings during military operations.

Advanced Light Helicopters will be used by both the Army and the Air Force for operations across different terrains and mission requirements.

Navy to receive Arudhra radars

For the Indian Navy, the DAC approved the procurement of Arudhra radars, along with the design, development and subsequent procurement of Marine Gas Turbines (MGTs).

The Marine Gas Turbine programme is aimed at developing a key propulsion system for warships while reducing dependence on foreign suppliers.

The Arudhra radars will replace existing air-route surveillance radars at naval air stations and are expected to strengthen the Navy’s surveillance capabilities.

Air Force gets electronic warfare systems

The Indian Air Force also received approval for projects aimed at strengthening the capabilities of its fighter aircraft, transport fleets and helicopters.

Among the approved systems is the Ground-Based Multi-Purpose Jammer (GBMPJ). The ministry said the jammer will provide electronic warfare capability against adversary radar networks.

Approval was also given for the installation of the Defence Forces Secure Access Card system.

Push for domestic defence manufacturing

The latest approvals are part of the government’s broader effort to strengthen the operational capabilities of the armed forces while promoting self-reliance in defence manufacturing.

The Defence Ministry said nearly 98 per cent of the approved procurements will be sourced from Indian industry, potentially giving further impetus to domestic defence production.

The Rs. 1.10 lakh crore figure represents the estimated value of the procurement proposals that received the DAC’s Acceptance of Necessity at this stage. It does not by itself mean that all the equipment has already been contracted or delivered.

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