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General Reginald Dyer or Butcher of Amritsar: Man behind Jallianwala Bagh massacre and crawling lane incident

Jallianwala Bagh, a garden that was once green and flowering turned into a bloodbath after British Colonial General Reginald Dyer started firing without warning until they ran out of bullets.

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General Reginald Dyer

April 13, 1919! It’s been 103 years and still, this day considers it to be the darkest one in the history of India’s independence movement. The auspicious day of Baisakhi turned into a black day for thousands of people. Jallianwala Bagh, a garden that was once green and flowering turned into a bloodbath after British Colonial General Reginald Dyer ordered troops to start firing without warning until they ran out of bullets.

Who was General Reginald Dyer?

Colonel Reginald Edward Harry Dyer, CB was an infamous officer of the Bengal Army, and later the newly formed British Indian Army, who ordered the killing of over 400 unarmed civilians in Punjab. He was the mastermind behind the Jallianwala Bagh massacre in Amritsar that took place on April 13, 1919. 

Dyer has been called “the Butcher of Amritsar”, because of his order to fire on a peaceful crowd. According to the official report, at least 379 people were killed and a thousand others were wounded.

Read Also: 103 years of Jallianwala Bagh Massacre: Here are 7 lesser-unknown facts you must know

General Dyer was not only responsible for the Jallianwala Bagh massacre but also for the crawling lane incident that took place on April 19. What is a crawling lane incident?

Dyer also made the people of Khoo Korian lane crawl on the street before he had their bodies lashed. In Punjabi, a ‘Khoo’ is a well, and ‘korian’ is flogging. As a result, Khoo Korian acts as a reminder that Dyer’s fury did not stop on April 13, 1919. He wished to punish Amritsar even more severely.

Dyer issued the ‘crawling order’ for the street where Miss Sherwood had been assaulted on April 19th. The order, which was tightly implemented, prohibited Indians from passing through the lane and required them to crawl if they did. They were beaten with repeated stripes after being tied to tiktikis (flogging posts).

People in Amritsar still remember Dyer as a living monster, a khooni Dyer, a paapi Dyer, a katil Dyer and a kasai Dyer. The fear and anxiety that Dyer instilled in the residents of Khoo Korian is still present. Stories of his furious wrath have been passed down through the years as tales of woe and suffering engraved into the public’s mind. Dyer died of cerebral hemorrhage and arteriosclerosis in 1927.

Jallianwala Bagh Massacre: What was the reason behind Amritsar massacre in 1919? Know why April 13 is called the darkest day in Indian history

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Telegram restricted ahead of NEET-UG re-exam, NTA backs move to curb exam fraud

NTA has welcomed the Centre’s decision to temporarily restrict Telegram ahead of the NEET-UG 2026 re-examination, citing the need to prevent fraud and misinformation.

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NEET

The Centre has imposed temporary restrictions on messaging platform Telegram ahead of the NEET-UG 2026 re-examination, with the National Testing Agency (NTA) welcoming the decision as part of efforts to prevent exam-related fraud and misinformation.

The temporary curbs will remain in place until June 22, a day after the NEET-UG re-exam scheduled for June 21. Authorities said the action was taken following concerns that the platform was being misused by cheating networks and individuals circulating misleading claims related to the examination.

NTA says move aimed at protecting exam integrity

According to the NTA, the restrictions are intended to safeguard candidates from fraudulent activities and false information that could affect the fairness of the examination process. The agency stated that maintaining the integrity of the re-examination remains a priority as lakhs of students prepare to appear for the test.

The NEET-UG re-exam is being conducted after the original examination was cancelled amid allegations of question paper leaks and irregularities. Since then, authorities have been monitoring online platforms for suspicious activity and misleading content targeting candidates.

Restrictions linked to concerns over fake paper leak claims

In recent weeks, several reports surfaced about Telegram channels allegedly offering access to leaked examination papers. The NTA had repeatedly advised students not to trust such claims and referred suspicious links and posts for verification by cybercrime authorities. No official confirmation of any genuine leaked re-exam paper had been issued.

Authorities believe the temporary restrictions will help limit the spread of fake content and reduce opportunities for organised exam fraud in the days leading up to the re-test.

Wider efforts to secure the re-examination

The government and examination authorities have introduced several measures ahead of the re-exam, including monitoring social media platforms and creating channels for reporting suspicious claims related to NEET-UG 2026. The NTA has also urged candidates to rely only on official communications for updates regarding the examination.

With the re-examination approaching, officials say the latest action is part of a broader effort to ensure a fair and transparent process for all candidates.

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Abhishek Banerjee says will not bow to BJP after nearly 11 hours of ED questioning

After spending nearly 11 hours before the Enforcement Directorate, TMC leader Abhishek Banerjee said he would not bow to the BJP and accused the ruling party of using investigative agencies for political purposes.

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Abhishek Banerjee

Trinamool Congress leader and Diamond Harbour MP Abhishek Banerjee on Tuesday said he would not bow to the BJP after spending nearly 11 hours being questioned by the Enforcement Directorate (ED) in connection with an ongoing investigation.

Speaking after the questioning, Banerjee alleged that central agencies were being used to target opposition leaders and asserted that he would continue his political fight despite what he described as sustained pressure.

The TMC leader has repeatedly maintained that investigations involving him are politically motivated, a charge he has made on several previous occasions while appearing before central agencies.

His appearance before the ED comes amid a period of heightened political activity and multiple investigations involving leaders in West Bengal. Recent days have also seen Banerjee face summons and questioning in separate matters by state investigative agencies.

After leaving the ED office, Banerjee reiterated that he would not be intimidated and said he remained committed to his political responsibilities. He also accused the BJP of attempting to weaken opposition parties through investigative action, an allegation that the BJP has rejected in the past.

The Enforcement Directorate has not publicly commented on Banerjee’s remarks. The investigation related to the questioning remains ongoing.

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DMK attacks Rahul Gandhi, accuses him of weakening opposition unity

DMK has intensified its criticism of Rahul Gandhi, alleging that the Congress leader’s actions have weakened opposition unity and strained relations within the INDIA bloc.

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The war of words between the DMK and Congress has intensified, with the DMK launching a strong attack on Leader of Opposition Rahul Gandhi and accusing him of contributing to divisions within the opposition alliance. The criticism comes amid strained ties between the two parties following their political split in Tamil Nadu.

According to the DMK, Rahul Gandhi’s political approach has weakened unity among opposition parties. The party’s IT wing mocked the Congress leader on social media, while an editorial published in the DMK’s official mouthpiece Murasoli questioned his recent remarks on opposition solidarity.

DMK questions Rahul Gandhi’s remarks on opposition unity

In its editorial, Murasoli argued that Rahul Gandhi was speaking about opposition unity despite, according to the DMK, contributing to disagreements among alliance partners in several states. The publication cited criticism directed at Congress by various opposition parties and suggested that the party’s actions had often created tensions within the INDIA bloc.

The editorial also referred to past political disputes involving Congress and Left parties, particularly in Kerala, claiming such episodes had raised concerns among opposition allies about Congress’s approach toward its partners.

Tamil Nadu political fallout adds to tensions

The attack comes after a major political realignment in Tamil Nadu. Following the 2026 Assembly elections, Congress ended its alliance with the DMK and joined the government led by Vijay’s Tamilaga Vettri Kazhagam (TVK). The move left the DMK in the opposition and significantly altered the political equation between the two former allies.

The DMK has alleged that Congress benefited from the alliance during the election and later abandoned its partner. The party’s editorial questioned whether assurances from Congress leadership would be trusted by alliance partners after the developments in Tamil Nadu.

Congress rejects allegations

Congress has not issued a detailed official response to the editorial, but party sources have rejected the allegations. According to the party, its decisions in Tamil Nadu were made in line with the mandate delivered by voters and were not intended to undermine either the DMK or the broader opposition alliance.

The latest exchange highlights growing strains between two key opposition parties even as leaders continue to stress cooperation on national issues. Just days earlier, Rahul Gandhi had said that the DMK remained aligned with the opposition on defending the “idea of India” despite political differences.

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