Delhi has put in place a permanent framework of measures aimed at tackling the rise in air pollution during the winter months. The plan covers construction and demolition activities, dust control, office attendance, parking charges, vehicle emissions and open burning.
The framework is designed to come into force automatically each year between November 1 and February 28, rather than requiring separate winter-specific orders.
Construction and demolition restrictions
Dust-generating demolition and outdoor civil construction activities will be prohibited from November 1 to January 31, with exemptions for essential public infrastructure projects.
A stricter phase of restrictions will apply from December 10 to January 20. During this period, construction and demolition activities will face a wider ban, with limited exemptions for urgent government and emergency works.
Indoor finishing, plumbing and electrical work can continue subject to dust-control requirements.
The winter framework also provides for restrictions on the movement of vehicles carrying construction materials such as sand, cement, bricks, stone and construction debris during the stricter period.
Dust-control measures
The government has placed greater emphasis on monitoring dust from construction sites. Large construction sites will be required to use measures such as mist systems for dust suppression.
Commercial buildings meeting specified size and height criteria, including malls, hotels and offices, will also be required to install anti-smog guns or mist systems.
The framework provides for field and drone-based surveillance to identify violations, including open burning.
50% work from home
From November 1 to January 31, government and private offices in Delhi will have to limit physical attendance to 50 per cent, with the remaining employees working from home.
Essential services, including hospitals, fire services, public transport, electricity, water supply and disaster management, are exempt from the work-from-home requirement.
Private offices will also be encouraged to stagger working hours and promote carpooling, ride-sharing and public transport.
Staggered office timings
Government offices will follow different working hours from November 1 to February 28.
Municipal Corporation of Delhi offices will operate from 8:30 am to 5 pm, while Delhi government offices will function from 10 am to 6:30 pm.
The measure is intended to spread commuting across different time periods and reduce peak-hour traffic.
Parking charges to double
Parking charges at authorised parking facilities will be doubled from November 1 to February 28.
Delhi Metro Rail Corporation parking facilities are exempt from the increase.
The measure is intended to discourage private vehicle use and encourage commuters to use public transport.
No PUC, no fuel
The framework also provides for a year-round requirement that vehicles have a valid Pollution Under Control certificate to receive fuel at petrol, diesel and CNG/LPG outlets in Delhi.
PUC details can be checked through physical documents and electronic systems, including vehicle registration databases and automatic number plate recognition systems.
Restrictions on older vehicles
From November 1 to January 31, non-Delhi vehicles that do not meet BS-VI emission standards will be restricted from entering the capital.
CNG and electric vehicles, along with emergency and other essential vehicles, are exempt from the restriction.
Action against open burning
The winter framework also places responsibility on resident welfare associations, housing societies, institutions, contractors and other establishments to prevent open burning on premises under their control.
Violations can lead to action under the Environment (Protection) Act, including environmental compensation, prosecution and measures such as sealing or closure of premises.
The framework will operate alongside the Graded Response Action Plan, which introduces additional restrictions depending on air-quality conditions in Delhi-NCR.