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Triple Talaq verdict: How the dice rolled in the courts

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Triple Talaq

In a historic judgment, the Supreme Court, on Tuesday, in a 3:2 majority verdict termed Talaq-ul-Biddat or instant triple talaq as “manifestly arbitrary and unconstitutional”; setting the practice aside. We bring to you a timeline of how the verdict, which comes as a relief to lakhs of Muslim women across India, came to pass

■ 16 October, 2015: While dealing with a case filed by a Hindu woman regarding her rights of succession and inheritance, a Supreme Court bench asks Chief Justice of India to set up an appropriate bench to examine if Muslim women face gender discrimination in cases of divorce

■ 5 February, 2016: SC asks Attorney General Mukul Rohatgi to assist it on the pleas challenging constitutional validity of ‘triple talaq, nikah halala and polygamy

■ 28 March, 2016: SC asks Centre to file a copy of the report of a high-level panel on ‘Women and the law: An assessment of family laws with focus on laws relating to marriage, divorce, custody, inheritance and succession’

SC also impleads various organisations, including the All India Muslim Personal Law Board (AIMPLB), as parties in the case

■ 29 June, 2016: SC says triple talaq among Muslims will be tested on “the touchstone of constitutional framework”

■ 7 October, 2016: For the first time in India’s constitutional history, law officers of the Union government oppose the practice of triple talaq in the Supreme Court and move for a review on grounds like gender equality and secularism

■ 9 December, 2016: The Allahabad High Court, in a verdict, stopped short of calling the practice of triple talaq under Muslim law as “unconstitutional” but observed that personal laws could not override constitutionally guaranteed rights of individuals

■ 14 February, 2017: SC allows various interlocutory pleas to be tagged along with the main matter

■ 27 March, 2017: AIMPLB tells SC that these pleas were not maintainable as the issues fall outside judiciary’s realm

■ 30 March, 2017: SC says these issues are “very important” and involve “sentiments”, says a Constitution bench would start hearing the matter from 11 May

■ 3 May: SC asks senior advocate and Congress leader Salman Khurshid to act as amicus curiae in the case

■ 11 May, 2017: SC says it would determine if the practice of triple talaq is in line with the Constitution and fundamental to Islam. “We will only look at triple talaq and whether it is constitutional and not go into issues such as polygamy,” a five-judge Constitution bench said.

■ 12 May: SC says the practice of triple talaq was the “worst” form of dissolution of marriages among Muslims and was “not desirable” even though there were schools of thought which termed it as “legal”

■ 15 May: Attorney General Mukul Rohatgi told the Supreme Court that the Centre will bring in a new law to regulate marriage and divorce among Muslims if the practice of triple talaq is declared unconstitutional. He also asked the court to examine other aspects of Muslim personal law including nikah halala and polygamy

■ 16 May, 2017: AIMPLB says triple talaq is a 1,400-year-old practice, constitutional morality and equity cannot arise when a matter of faith is concerned

■ 17 May, 2017: SC asks the AIMPLB whether a woman can be given an option of saying ‘no’ to triple talaq at the time of execution of nikahnama (Islamic marriage contract). The five-judge Constitution bench headed by Chief Justice JS Khehar also wondered if all Qazis can be asked to include this condition at the time of marriage

■ 18 May, 2017: SC reserves verdict on batch of petitions challenging the constitutional validity of triple talaq

■ August 22, 2017: Judgement Day – Chief Justice of India begins reading out opinion given by different judges on the Bench. For a moment, it appears that since the verdict isn’t unanimous, the apex court wants to push the matter into the government’s lap as the Chief Justice and Justice S Abdul Nazeer favour that an injunction be imposed on triple talaq for 6 months during which the government can frame a law on the validity of triple talaq and have it passed by the Parliament.

However, it soon appears that Chief Justice Khehar and Justice Nazeer were both in a minority and the majority – Justices Kurian Joseph, Rohinton Nariman and UU Lalit – all ruled that Talaq-ul-Biddat is “manifestly unconstitutional, arbitrary” and also against the tenets of Islam and the Sharia laws. With the verdict split 3:2 and a majority calling the practice unconstitutional, triple talaq is set aside by the Bench.

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Amit Shah praises Dharmendra Pradhan’s resignation, says Nation above post

Amit Shah hailed Dharmendra Pradhan’s resignation as Union Education Minister, saying BJP places the nation and students above any position while highlighting the government’s commitment to examination reforms.

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Amit Shah

Union Home Minister Amit Shah on Saturday praised Dharmendra Pradhan’s decision to step down as Union Education Minister, saying the move reflected the Bharatiya Janata Party’s commitment to placing the nation and students above any political position.

In a post on X, Shah said that for BJP workers, the country, its youth and students are more important than any office. He described Pradhan’s resignation as an example of the party’s guiding principle of prioritising national interest over personal ambition.

Shah highlights government’s focus on exam reforms

Amit Shah said the Narendra Modi-led government respects the sentiments of students and remains committed to strengthening the examination system following concerns over alleged paper leaks.

He said the Centre has introduced strict measures to ensure severe punishment for those involved in examination paper leaks and expressed confidence that these steps would deliver justice to students who cleared the National Eligibility-cum-Entrance Test (NEET).

Praises Pradhan’s work as Education Minister

Recalling Dharmendra Pradhan’s tenure, Shah highlighted several initiatives undertaken during his time in the Education Ministry. He credited Pradhan with helping implement the National Education Policy (NEP), expanding PM SHRI schools, promoting digital education, strengthening skill development and improving coordination between industry and academic institutions.

Shah also said Pradhan worked towards making examinations more inclusive and student-centric, adding that his tenure reflected his commitment to the vision of a developed India.

Resignation follows NEET controversy

Dharmendra Pradhan’s resignation comes amid nationwide protests over alleged irregularities in the NEET examination and growing demands for accountability.

The resignation has triggered political reactions across party lines. While opposition parties have described the development as a result of sustained student protests, BJP leaders have projected it as an example of accountability and commitment to national interest.

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Assam flood death toll rises to 66, over 6.5 lakh people still affected

Assam’s flood situation improved slightly on Saturday, but more than 6.54 lakh people remain affected in six districts. Four fresh deaths have pushed the state’s flood toll to 66.

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Assam floods

The flood situation in Assam showed marginal improvement on Saturday, though the disaster continued to impact more than 6.54 lakh people across six districts. Four more deaths were reported during the day, taking the total number of fatalities in this year’s floods to 66.

According to the Assam State Disaster Management Authority (ASDMA), three of the latest deaths were reported from Sivasagar district, while one person lost their life in Charaideo.

The number of affected people declined from over 7.05 lakh across nine districts on Friday to 6,54,800 across six districts on Saturday, indicating a gradual improvement in the overall situation.

Sivasagar remains the worst-hit district

Among the affected districts, Sivasagar continues to be the worst hit, with nearly 2.9 lakh people impacted by the floods. Charaideo follows with around 1.9 lakh affected residents, while more than 1.3 lakh people remain affected in Jorhat.

The other districts still facing flood-related challenges are Dibrugarh, Golaghat and Nagaon.

Relief operations continue across affected areas

The ASDMA said the state administration is operating 274 relief camps and aid distribution centres across the affected districts. Around 18,902 displaced people are currently taking shelter at these facilities.

The latest daily bulletin also stated that floodwaters have inundated 810 villages across the state, while 34,970.8 hectares of agricultural land have suffered damage.

Rivers flowing above danger level

The floods have also damaged embankments, roads, bridges and other public infrastructure in several areas.

Authorities said the Dikhou River in Sivasagar and the Dhansiri River at Numaligarh are flowing above the danger level, and officials continue to closely monitor the situation.

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UP Government forms new SIT led by 3 IPS officers to probe Ayodhya Ram Temple donation theft

The Uttar Pradesh government has formed a new SIT led by three IPS officers to investigate the alleged Ram Temple donation theft case in Ayodhya following Supreme Court directions.

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Ram Mandir

The Uttar Pradesh government has reconstituted a Special Investigation Team (SIT) headed by IG Kiran S, with DIG Somen Verma and SSP Dr Gaurav Grover as members, to investigate the alleged theft of donations meant for the Ram Temple in Ayodhya. 

The move comes after directions from the Supreme Court, which sought a reconstituted investigation team to ensure an independent and comprehensive probe into the allegations.

The newly formed SIT is expected to continue the investigation and submit a status report before the Supreme Court on July 27.

Senior IPS officers to lead the probe

According to the state government, the investigation will now be supervised by senior IPS officers.  The revamped SIT has been tasked with examining all aspects of the alleged embezzlement of temple donations and carrying the investigation forward.

The Supreme Court had observed that criminal investigations and technical examination of theft-related cases are more effectively handled by experienced police officers, leading to the reconstitution of the SIT under senior IPS leadership.

Probe to continue under court supervision

The case relates to the alleged embezzlement of offerings (chadhava) donated by devotees at the Shri Ram Janmabhoomi Temple in Ayodhya.

The Supreme Court is monitoring the investigation and will review the SIT’s status report at the next hearing.

Authorities are expected to continue examining evidence collected during the earlier stages of the investigation as the newly constituted SIT proceeds with the case.

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