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Under-5 child deaths declines faster in India, four-fold decline in gender gap in survival of girl child: UN

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Children

India has shown an impressive decline in deaths, with about 8,02,000 infant deaths reported in India in 2017, which is now for the first time below the one million mark and the lowest in five years,  the UN said in a new report.

The rate has declined from nearly 22 per cent in 2012 to 18 per cent in 2017, said the United Nations Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation (UNIGME).

“The under-five mortality rate of India at 39 per 1000 now equals that of the world, highlighting the much faster decline by India in the last five years as compared to the global decline. (Under-five mortality of India: 39 per 1,000 and global also is 39 per 1,000),” it said.

According to the report, the gender gap in child survival has reduced almost four-fold in the last five years, with under-five mortality of girl child now being 2.5 per cent higher, compared to nearly 10 per cent in 2012.

The UNIGME report said 6,05,000 neonatal deaths were reported in India in 2017, while the number of deaths among children aged 5–14 was 1,52,000.

“India continues to show impressive decline in child deaths, with its share of global under-five deaths for the first time equalling its share of childbirths,” Yasmin Ali Haque, Representative, UNICEF India said.

“The efforts for improving institutional delivery, along with countrywide scale up of special newborn care units and strengthening of routine immunization, have been instrumental towards this,” she said.

The number of infant deaths has come down from 8.67 lakh in 2016 to 8.02 lakh in 2017. In 2016, India’s infant mortality rate was 44 per 1,000 live births.

In 2017, sex-specific under-five mortality rate was 39 in 1,000 for male and 40 in 1,000 for females. “Even more heartening is the fourfold decline in the gender gap in survival of the girl child over last five years,” Haque said.

The investment on ensuring holistic nutrition under the POSHAN campaign and national commitment to make India open defecation-free by 2019 are steps that will help in accelerating progress further, she added.

However, according to the report, an estimated 6.3 million children aged below 15 died in 2017, or 1 every 5 seconds, mostly of preventable causes, according to new mortality estimates released by UNICEF, the World Health Organisation (WHO), the United Nations Population Division and the World Bank Group.

A vast majority of these deaths – 5.4 million – occur in the first five years of life, with newborns accounting for around half of the deaths. “Without urgent action, 56 million children under five will die from now until 2030 – half of them newborns,” said Laurence Chandy, UNICEF Director of Data, Research and Policy.

“We have made remarkable progress to save children since 1990, but millions are still dying because of who they are and where they are born. With simple solutions like medicines, clean water, electricity and vaccines, we can change that reality for every child,” she said.

Globally, in 2017, half of all deaths under five years of age took place in sub-Saharan Africa, and another 30 per cent in Southern Asia. In sub-Saharan Africa, 1 in 13 children died before their fifth birthday. In high-income countries, that number was 1 in 185.

“Millions of babies and children should not still be dying every year from lack of access to water, sanitation, proper nutrition or basic health services,” said Princess Nono Simelela, Assistant Director-General for Family, Women and Children’s Health at WHO.

“We must prioritize providing universal access to quality health services for every child, particularly around the time of birth and through the early years, to give them the best possible chance to survive and thrive,” Simelela said.

Most children under five die due to preventable or treatable causes such as complications during birth, pneumonia, diarrhea, neonatal sepsis and malaria, the report said.

By comparison, among children between 5 and 14 years of age, injuries become a more prominent cause of death, especially from drowning and road traffic. Within this age group, regional differences also exist, with the risk of dying for a child from sub-Saharan Africa 15 times higher than in Europe, it said.

“More than six million children dying before their fifteenth birthday is a cost we simply can’t afford,” said Timothy Evans, Senior Director and Head of the Health, Nutrition and Population Global Practice at the World Bank Group.

“Ending preventable deaths and investing in the health of young people is a basic foundation for building countries’ human capital, which will drive their future growth and prosperity,” the report read.

For children everywhere, the most risky period of life is the first month. In 2017, 2.5 million newborns died in their first month. A baby born in sub-Saharan Africa or in Southern Asia was nine times more likely to die in the first month than a baby born in a high-income country. And progress towards saving newborns has been slower than for other children under five years of age since 1990.

Even within countries, disparities persist. Under-five mortality rates among children in rural areas are, on average, 50 per cent higher than among children in urban areas. In addition, those born to uneducated mothers are more than twice as likely to die before turning five than those born to mothers with a secondary or higher education.

Despite these challenges, fewer children are dying each year worldwide.

The number of children dying under five has fallen dramatically from 12.6 million in 1990 to 5.4 million in 2017. The number of deaths in older children aged between 5 to 14 years dropped from 1.7 million to under a million in the same period.

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Amit Shah tells Rajya Sabha India close to getting indigenous anti-drone solution

“Around 40,000 government jobs have been provided in Jammu and Kashmir between 2019 and 2024, and 1.51 lakh self-employment opportunities have been created. Skilling clubs are also operational to empower the youth,” Shah added.

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Union Home Minister Amit Shah announced on Friday that India is on the verge of developing a complete indigenous anti-drone solution, which is expected to be operational within six months.

Speaking during a debate in the Rajya Sabha, Shah highlighted the government’s efforts to bolster national security through advanced technology and innovation.

“We are very close to achieving a complete anti-drone solution. We have conducted six successful experiments, and I am hopeful that within six months, we will have an indigenous anti-drone system, a true symbol of Make in India,” Shah said.

The Home Minister also emphasized the use of drones and modern technology in combating illegal activities, such as poppy cultivation. “We have utilized drones, satellites, and advanced technology to destroy opium cultivation. In the last five years, we have destroyed and disposed of 23,000 kg of synthetic drugs worth over ₹14,000 crore,” he stated.

Shah reiterated the government’s commitment to curbing drug trafficking, noting that drugs often enter India from Afghanistan and are routed through Gujarat to Sri Lanka. “We have pledged that no drugs will be allowed to enter or exit India. The money earned from the drug trade is often used to fund terrorism, and we will spare no one involved in such activities,” he asserted.

Zero tolerance for Terrorism and Naxalism

Addressing the issue of Naxalism, Shah declared that the government has a zero-tolerance policy towards terrorism and left-wing extremism. He expressed confidence that Naxalism would be eradicated in India by March 2026.

“By March 21, 2026, Naxalism will end in this country. The Modi government has taken decisive steps to address this challenge, which previous governments neglected,” Shah said.

He also highlighted the significant reduction in terrorism-related incidents in Jammu and Kashmir since the abrogation of Article 370 in August 2019. “Article 370 was the root cause of separatism in Kashmir. The architects of our Constitution had envisioned a unified India, and the Modi government fulfilled this dream by abrogating Article 370,” Shah stated.

The Home Minister noted that the move has led to a 70% reduction in deaths due to terrorism in Jammu and Kashmir, with zero incidents of stone-pelting reported in the valley. He also emphasized the establishment of grassroots democracy in the region through successful local body elections.

“Around 40,000 government jobs have been provided in Jammu and Kashmir between 2019 and 2024, and 1.51 lakh self-employment opportunities have been created. Skilling clubs are also operational to empower the youth,” Shah added.

Progress in the Northeast

Shah also spoke about the significant progress made in the Northeast, describing the region as largely peaceful under the Modi government. “Since 2019, we have signed 19 peace accords, and around 10,000 militants have surrendered. A new era of development has been ushered in, bringing stability and growth to the region,” he said.

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Supreme Court terms Delhi HC judge Yashwant Varma transfer to Allahabad HC misinformation, unrelated to in-house investigation

Once reviewed, the Supreme Court vowed to take “further and necessary” steps, hinting at a meticulous follow-up process.

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The Supreme Court moved swiftly on Friday to dispel what it termed “misinformation and rumours” swirling around an alleged discovery of a large cash stash at the official residence of Delhi High Court judge Justice Yashwant Varma following a fire.

In a statement, the apex court clarified that the proposed transfer of Justice Varma to the Allahabad High Court was unrelated to an ongoing in-house enquiry, seeking to quash speculation that had gripped legal and political circles.

The court revealed that Delhi High Court Chief Justice D.K. Upadhyaya had initiated an internal probe prior to the Supreme Court Collegium’s meeting on 20 March. This enquiry, aimed at gathering evidence and facts, was triggered after reports of the incident surfaced.

“The Chief Justice has been diligently collecting information, and a report will be submitted to Chief Justice of India Sanjiv Khanna today,” the statement noted. Once reviewed, the Supreme Court vowed to take “further and necessary” steps, hinting at a meticulous follow-up process.

The controversy erupted after a fire broke out at Justice Varma’s Lutyens Delhi residence late on 14 March. Delhi Fire Services Chief Atul Garg, speaking to PTI, provided a detailed account that contradicted the cash haul narrative.

“We received a call at 11.35 p.m. about a blaze, and two fire tenders were dispatched immediately,” Garg said. Arriving at 11.43 p.m., firefighters found flames confined to a storeroom filled with stationery and household items. “It took 15 minutes to extinguish the fire—no injuries were reported,” he added.

Garg was unequivocal about the absence of cash. “Our team found no money during the operation. After putting out the fire, we alerted the police and left the scene,” he stated, debunking claims that firefighters had stumbled upon a fortune.

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Ruckus in Karnataka Assembly: 18 BJP MLAs suspended for six months amid honeytrap showdown

Parameshwara echoed this, noting Rajanna’s intent to lodge a complaint, though it was yet to materialise. “I’ve committed to a high-level investigation and will consult the CM on its nature,” he said.

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The Karnataka Legislative Assembly was thrown into disarray on Friday as at least 18 BJP MLAs faced suspension for allegedly causing a ruckus. The opposition lawmakers demanded a judicial inquiry by a sitting High Court judge into claims of a “honey-trap” scheme targeting a minister and other politicians. The uproar saw marshals escorting the suspended BJP members out of the chamber, as tensions flared over the explosive allegations.

The drama erupted shortly after the session began, with BJP and Janata Dal (Secular) MLAs storming the well of the House, brandishing CDs and chanting slogans. Their protest persisted despite assurances from Chief Minister Siddaramaiah of a high-level investigation.

The opposition’s ire stemmed from Cooperation Minister KH Rajanna’s revelation on Thursday that he had been targeted in a honey-trap attempt, claiming 48 politicians across party lines had faced similar ploys. BJP leaders, unimpressed by the government’s response, insisted on a judicial probe, arguing the case’s gravity warranted impartial oversight.

Siddaramaiah sought to quell the unrest, telling the Assembly, “Home Minister G Parameshwara has promised a thorough probe. Let Rajanna file a formal complaint, and we’ll ensure protection for all members—Congress, BJP, or JD(S). No lawbreaker will be spared, regardless of status.”

He stressed the government’s duty to safeguard citizens, adding, “We’ll discuss the probe’s scope and act decisively.” Parameshwara echoed this, noting Rajanna’s intent to lodge a complaint, though it was yet to materialise. “I’ve committed to a high-level investigation and will consult the CM on its nature,” he said.

But the opposition, led by R Ashok, remained unconvinced. “What’s the intelligence wing doing under the CM’s watch? If ministers aren’t safe, who is? This demands a sitting judge’s inquiry,” Ashok thundered, pointing to Rajanna’s claims of widespread political targeting. BJP MLA Sunil Kumar had earlier set the tone, questioning the cabinet’s integrity. “A minister alleging a honey-trap in the House—what does that say about governance? Where’s the morality?” he demanded, urging clarity on the probe and protection for legislators.

Congress leaders, meanwhile, defended the suspensions, accusing the opposition of disrespecting the House by tearing papers and disrupting proceedings. Minister Priyank Kharge fired back, alleging similar scandals under the previous BJP regime went unaddressed. “They secured court stays then—why the outrage now?” he retorted, sparking a fiery clash between the benches.

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