India and Canada have taken a measured step toward repairing strained bilateral ties following National Security Adviser Ajit Doval’s visit to Ottawa last week. The NSA-level engagement marks one of the most substantive security interactions between the two countries in recent years and signals a cautious return to dialogue after a prolonged diplomatic freeze.
Doval’s visit, held from February 6 to 7, comes against the backdrop of tensions that followed a diplomatic row in 2023 over the killing of a Khalistani separatist. While both sides described the talks as part of routine bilateral engagement, officials and analysts see the timing as significant, indicating a deliberate effort to stabilise relations.
Focus on security and law enforcement cooperation
During the visit, Doval held meetings with Canada’s Deputy Clerk and National Security and Intelligence Adviser to the Prime Minister, Nathalie Drouin, and Public Safety Minister Gary Anandasangaree. The discussions centred on strengthening cooperation in national security and law enforcement, with an emphasis on practical and result-oriented collaboration.
According to India’s official statement, both sides acknowledged progress on initiatives aimed at enhancing the safety and security of their citizens. They also agreed on a shared work plan to guide future cooperation, underscoring a mutual intent to rebuild trust through structured engagement.
Canada’s readout echoed this approach, highlighting agreement on concrete steps rather than broad political signalling. A key outcome of the meetings was the decision to establish security and law-enforcement liaison officers in each other’s countries, a move expected to streamline communication and improve information-sharing.
Cooperation on cyber threats, drugs and immigration enforcement
Officials said the liaison mechanism would help address issues such as transnational organised crime, the illegal flow of drugs—including fentanyl precursors—and other cross-border security challenges. These concerns have increasingly featured in bilateral discussions between New Delhi and Ottawa.
The talks also covered cooperation on cybersecurity policy and the sharing of information related to cyber threats. Continued engagement on fraud prevention and immigration enforcement was discussed as well, with both sides stressing that collaboration would remain aligned with domestic laws and international obligations.
The careful wording of official statements reflects sensitivity to past disputes and the need for institutional safeguards as ties are gradually rebuilt.
Message on extremism and diplomatic reset
Beyond the immediate outcomes, Doval’s visit is being viewed as a broader signal that extremist groups, including Khalistani-linked networks, do not enjoy official backing under the current Canadian government led by Prime Minister Mark Carney.
The engagement is also seen as laying the groundwork for a possible prime ministerial-level visit. Officials in both capitals are treating the NSA talks as an important precursor to Carney’s likely visit to India next month, which would mark the first such engagement since relations deteriorated sharply.
Background of strained ties
India-Canada relations hit a low point during the tenure of former prime minister Justin Trudeau, particularly after his 2023 allegations of a potential Indian link to the killing of Khalistani separatist Hardeep Singh Nijjar. India had rejected the claims as “absurd,” leading to mutual recriminations and downgraded diplomatic engagement.
Against that backdrop, the resumption of structured security dialogue is being interpreted as a sign that both sides are seeking to move past recent turbulence. Analysts note that cooperation in technical and functional areas such as law enforcement and cybersecurity could help rebuild confidence and create momentum for broader political engagement.
While the visit does not resolve all outstanding issues, it reflects a willingness to re-engage seriously. With high-level political contact potentially on the horizon, India and Canada appear to be cautiously steering their relationship back toward a more stable and predictable footing.