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Awareness alone not enough to address lifestyle diseases

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By Dr Shikha T Malik

Indian kids have reasonable knowledge about lifestyle diseases and their risk factors, but this knowledge does not translate into preventive action, a new study has revealed.

For instance, adolescent children know that unhealthy food is a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) yet they indulge in eating junk food and unhealthy snacks.

In spite of better awareness, there is huge knowledge-practice gap among teenagers, the study done among school children in Kolkata has found. Most of these teenagers (who are aware) showed poor and unhealthy eating lifestyles like more than three major meals a day, frequent snacking (more than four times in a day) and consumption of street food. The trend of poor eating habits was visible more in older students and those belonging to affluent families as compared to students from low or middle-class socio-economic status.

The study, published in journal BMC Public Health recently, was conducted jointly by hospitals in Kolkata along with Mission Arogya Health and Information Technology Research Foundation and the University of California. It was led by Dr Tanmay Mahapatra. It included over 1600 ninth grade students in urban Kolkata.

Researchers collected data on knowledge about lifestyle diseases, physical activity, and eating patterns from these adolescents. They found that about 20% of the participants reported a family history of CVDs while a majority had little information about heart disorders. Boys tended more to be involved in physical activity (adequate physical activity as one hour every day) along with those who had better knowledge about risk factors.

About 82% of the adolescents did not perceive themselves to be at risk for future CVDs and even those who perceived the risk showed poor dietary practices. One of the probable explanations might be that adolescents considered CVDs to be problem of the aged, and underestimated their own future risks, researchers said. “Promotion of school-based cardiovascular health programs might be crucial in dispelling myths and misconceptions with eventual prevention of early onset atherosclerotic changes in arterial walls,” the study has suggested.

“Compared to the West, in India, the transition from predominantly infectious disease to non-communicable diseases has happened over a rather brief period of time. Solutions require strategies such as emphasis on prevention, early detection, treatment using both conventional and innovative techniques along with effective implementation of evidence-based policy” suggested Amjad Husain, professor of life sciences at Glocal University. He is not connected with the study.

“Healthy eating habits and lifestyle behaviour inculcated at adolescent age can prevent a lot of diseases like obesity, hypertension, early onset of diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, metabolic syndrome, diseases of spine and joints etc.” says Dr. Vijay Malhotra, President, Delhi Medical Association. He suggests that relevant information and knowledge about lifestyle diseases should be made a part of the curriculum in secondary classes. (India Science Wire)

India News

BJP says Mamata Banerjee not fit for constitutional post over remarks on PM Modi

BJP has criticised West Bengal Chief Minister Mamata Banerjee over her remarks on Prime Minister Narendra Modi, triggering a political controversy ahead of elections.

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The Bharatiya Janata Party has criticised West Bengal Chief Minister Mamata Banerjee over her remarks against Prime Minister Narendra Modi, with a party leader saying such statements make her unfit to hold a constitutional post.

The controversy began after Mamata Banerjee, while addressing an Eid gathering in Kolkata, criticised the prime minister’s policies and accused him of targeting minorities. During her speech, she also accused the prime minister of calling certain people infiltrators and alleged that names were being deleted.

Reacting to the remarks, BJP leader Shishir Bajoria said that anyone who calls the prime minister an infiltrator does not have the right to occupy a constitutional position. He also alleged that the chief minister’s comments reflected fear of losing the upcoming election.

The BJP has been raising the issue of illegal infiltration from Bangladesh ahead of the West Bengal Assembly elections and has accused the Trinamool Congress government of allowing infiltration. The Trinamool Congress has rejected the allegations, stating that border security is controlled by central forces under the Union Home Ministry.

At the Eid event in Kolkata, Mamata Banerjee was joined by Trinamool Congress National General Secretary Abhishek Banerjee. The Trinamool leadership also criticised the Election Commission’s special intensive revision exercise, alleging that it targets certain communities.

Abhishek Banerjee said that while political narratives are being built around religion, the real issue is that the entire country is in danger and people should not view issues only through a religious lens.

The political exchange comes amid rising tensions between the BJP and the Trinamool Congress ahead of the state elections, with both parties accusing each other over issues related to infiltration, minority rights and voter lists.

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Delhi sees coldest March day in 6 years as air quality improves sharply

Delhi logs its coldest March day since 2020 as rainfall brings a sharp dip in temperature and significantly cleaner air.

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Delhi Records maximum temperature

After days of continuous rainfall and gusty winds, Delhi experienced an unusual weather shift, recording its coldest March day in six years along with significantly improved air quality.

The maximum temperature at Safdarjung dropped to 21.7 degrees Celsius, which is 9.6 degrees below normal. This marks the lowest daytime temperature for March since March 8, 2020, when it had settled at 21.2 degrees Celsius.

At the same time, the city witnessed a notable improvement in air quality. The Air Quality Index (AQI) was recorded at 93, placing it in the ‘satisfactory’ category. This is the first such instance in around five months (161 days), with the previous similar reading recorded on October 9, 2025, when the AQI stood at 99.

According to standards set by the Central Pollution Control Board, AQI levels between 51 and 100 fall under the ‘satisfactory’ category.

Temperatures remain below normal across monitoring stations

Other parts of the city also reported significantly lower daytime temperatures. Palam recorded a maximum of 21.2 degrees Celsius, while Lodhi Road registered 21.0 degrees Celsius. Ridge and Ayanagar reported 21.1 degrees Celsius and 21.5 degrees Celsius respectively, all well below seasonal averages.

Minimum temperatures, however, showed less variation. Safdarjung recorded 16 degrees Celsius, while Palam logged 14.7 degrees Celsius. Lodhi Road, Ridge, and Ayanagar recorded temperatures close to normal levels.

Rainfall contributes to weather shift

The city received 7 mm of rainfall during the day, taking the monthly total to 16.2 mm so far. This makes it the wettest March since 2023.

Rainfall was recorded across multiple stations, including Safdarjung, Palam, Lodhi Road, Ridge, and Ayanagar, along with areas like Mayur Vihar, Pusa, and Janakpuri.

Cumulative rainfall between Thursday morning and Friday morning ranged between 5.4 mm and 7.4 mm across key monitoring stations.

Weather likely to stabilise

The recent spell of rain is expected to ease, with forecasts indicating a partly cloudy sky on Saturday. Temperatures are likely to rise slightly, with the maximum expected around 27 degrees Celsius and minimum around 14 degrees Celsius.

Air quality is also expected to move back into the ‘moderate’ category over the next couple of days, according to the Air Quality Early Warning System.

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Late-March western disturbance brings 1,000-km rain band across India, Pakistan and Afghanistan

An unusual western disturbance has created a 1,000-km rain band, bringing widespread storms, rainfall and hail across parts of India and neighbouring countries.

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An unusual weather system is currently impacting large parts of India, Pakistan and Afghanistan, bringing widespread thunderstorms, gusty winds, rainfall and even hailstorms at a time when summer conditions typically begin to set in.

The ongoing event is being driven by an active western disturbance that has formed a nearly straight, linear low-pressure trough stretching about 1,000 kilometres—from Afghanistan, across Pakistan, and into India. This formation is considered atypical, as most western disturbances usually follow a curved path.

Western disturbances are generally extratropical systems originating near the Mediterranean region and are more common during winter months, when they bring snowfall and cold weather to northern India. However, this system stands out both for its timing in late March and its distinct structure.

Widespread weather activity across regions

The system is associated with an upper-air cyclonic circulation over northern Pakistan, which is leading to widespread thunderstorms and winds ranging between 40 and 80 kmph across northwest India. Isolated hailstorms and light-to-moderate rainfall or snowfall have also been reported.

Heavy to very heavy rainfall has already occurred in sub-Himalayan West Bengal and Sikkim, while southern states including Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Kerala and Tamil Nadu have received significant showers. Hailstorm activity has also been observed in multiple regions.

Meteorological conditions indicate that the western disturbance includes a trough in the middle and upper atmospheric levels. This is interacting with several low-level cyclonic circulations over regions such as north Madhya Pradesh, east Uttar Pradesh, west Rajasthan, Haryana, northeast Assam, coastal Andhra Pradesh, and parts of Tamil Nadu and Kerala, intensifying weather activity.

System likely to weaken, another disturbance ahead

The current disturbance is expected to remain active over the Western Himalayas and adjoining plains through Friday, after which its intensity is likely to decrease.

However, forecasts suggest that another weaker western disturbance may approach the region around March 22, potentially bringing further weather changes.

Moisture sources behind the system

The primary moisture feeding this system originates from evaporation over multiple water bodies, including the Mediterranean Sea, Caspian Sea, Black Sea, and the Persian Gulf.

As the system moves eastward, it gathers additional moisture from the Arabian Sea. This moisture is further enhanced due to orographic lifting along the Himalayas. Simultaneously, existing troughs and cyclonic features over regions such as Gujarat and the Mannar area are contributing to increased low-level convergence, leading to intensified rainfall and storm activity.

Delhi-NCR sees cooler conditions and rainfall

In Delhi-NCR, light-to-moderate rainfall accompanied by thunderstorms and winds of 30–50 kmph is expected to continue until Friday. Daytime temperatures are likely to remain between 25 and 28 degrees Celsius, which is below the seasonal average.

Why late-March disturbances are uncommon

Climatologically, western disturbances are most frequent between December and February, with India typically experiencing four to six such systems per month during winter.

By late March, their frequency usually declines sharply as the jet stream weakens and shifts northward. Historically, only one or two such systems occur during this period each year.

However, recent trends suggest a gradual extension of the western disturbance season into April. Experts attribute this to changes in atmospheric patterns, including stronger subtropical jet streams and broader climate variability.

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