English हिन्दी
Connect with us

Latest Science News

Researchers identify missing element in monsoon forecast model

Published

on

IndiaMonsoon

[vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text]By Sunderarajan Padmanabhan

A group of researchers has identified a missing element that is critical in forecast of rainfall over central parts of India during summer monsoon.

In recent years, a new category of monsoon models – Coupled General Circulation Models (CGCMs) – are being increasingly used for prediction. They model oceans, atmosphere, land and sea-ice through a set of complex mathematical equations, taking into account a multitude of factors that influence the monsoon. These factors involve a variety of time scales and dynamic mechanisms from monsoon depressions to inter-annual factors like Indian Ocean Dipole and El Nino-Southern Oscillations.

One such model, Climate Forecast System, was adopted from the US National Centre for Environmental Prediction and further developed and deployed under the Indian Monsoon Mission to enhance the quality of monsoon prediction. It can simulate large scale features like sea surface temperatures, winds and rainfall and has good ability for retrospective forecasts amongst other models of similar class.

However, the model has “dry bias” with regard to rainfall over Central India, northern Bay of Bengal, and along the Western Ghats. Over these key zones of intense monsoon rainfall, the model underestimates rainfall intensity and variations. The anomaly is particularly severe over Central India. It underestimates rainfallby about 50 per cent.

Researchers from Pune-based Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology (IITM) have now found that the problem can be tackled by including simulation of a narrow warm sea surface temperature front or gradient found in the northwest coastal region of Bay of Bengal. Simulations from a regional model indicated that the inclusion of such a front reduces the dry bias over Central India by half to about 25 per cent. This could help in getting a better picture of the rainfall and consequently help in better management of reservoirs in central India.

Speaking to India Science Wire, researchers explained that there is a gradient in the sea surface temperature in the north-west coastal region of Bay of Bengal mainly because of the rivers that flow into the Bay as also wind flow in the area. The river water has lower salt content and is less dense; it lies on top of the sea water near the coast. Normally winds help mix the river water with sea water. In this area, however, the winds are weak. Consequently, the river water layer remains stable. This, in turn, results in the formation of a temperature gradient from the coast into the sea. Studies have shown that the sea surface temperatures vary by as much as 0.5 degrees Celsius from the coastline to 100 km into the sea.

The research team included Dr. Suryachandra A.Rao, Medha Deshpande, Vishnu Thilakan, Malay Ganai, Saji N.Hameed, Dhrubajyoti Samanta and Dachao Jin. The research results have been published in journal Scientific Reports. (India Science Wire)[/vc_column_text][/vc_column][/vc_row]

Latest Science News

Astronaut Shubhanshu Shukla to meet PM Modi after return from historic space mission

Astronaut Shubhanshu Shukla, who recently returned from the ISS as part of the Axiom-4 mission, will meet PM Modi this evening. Parliament will also hold a special discussion on his historic journey.

Published

on

Subhanshu shukla

Indian astronaut Group Captain Shubhanshu Shukla, the first Indian to visit the International Space Station (ISS), will meet Prime Minister Narendra Modi this evening at his official residence in New Delhi.

PM Modi to host meeting with astronaut

According to officials, the meeting at 7 Lok Kalyan Marg is expected to take place between 5 pm and 5:30 pm. Shukla, who arrived in India on Sunday, will also be part of the National Space Day celebrations scheduled for August 23.

Warm welcome in India

The astronaut was greeted at the airport by his family, Science and Technology Minister Jitendra Singh, Delhi Chief Minister Rekha Gupta, and hundreds of citizens waving the national flag. Shukla had been in the United States for a year, preparing for the Axiom-4 mission, which launched from Florida on June 25 and docked at the ISS the next day. He served as the mission’s pilot.

Emotional note from Shukla

Before his return, Shukla shared an emotional post on Instagram, expressing mixed feelings of leaving his space colleagues while being eager to meet his loved ones and people of India. He also quoted a song from the film Swades, which he had chosen as his anthem on the launch day.

Parliament session on India’s space journey

In honour of Shukla’s mission, the Lok Sabha is holding a special session today to discuss “India’s first astronaut aboard the ISS – critical role of space programme for Viksit Bharat by 2047.” Union minister Kiren Rijiju said the discussion would highlight the importance of India’s space achievements and future goals.

Continue Reading

India News

Shubhanshu Shukla pens emotional note as he returns to India after space mission

Indian astronaut Shubhanshu Shukla penned an emotional Instagram post as he returned to India after his 18-day ISS mission, marking a milestone in India’s space journey.

Published

on

Indian astronaut Group Captain Shubhanshu Shukla has shared an emotional Instagram post as he heads back home after completing his 18-day mission aboard the International Space Station (ISS).

Astronaut reflects on mixed emotions

In his heartfelt message, written from the aircraft, Shukla expressed the whirlwind of emotions he felt while leaving behind his fellow astronauts, who had been his family during the mission. “As I sit on the plane to come back to India, I have a mix of emotions running through my heart. I feel sad leaving a fantastic group of people behind who were my friends and family for the past year during this mission. I am also excited about meeting all my friends, family and everyone in the country for the first time post mission. I guess this is what life is — everything all at once,” he wrote.

Acknowledges support and inspiration

The astronaut thanked everyone for the love and support he received throughout his journey. He also recalled the words of his commander Peggy Whitson, saying, “Goodbyes are hard, but we need to keep moving in life. As my commander Peggy Whitson fondly says, ‘The only constant in spaceflight is change’. I believe that applies to life as well.”

Shukla ended his note with a line from the song Yun Hi Chala Chal from the film Swades, reflecting his spirit of resilience.

Link to India’s space ambitions

Shukla’s return comes at a crucial time as India advances its space programme. Prime Minister Narendra Modi had earlier mentioned that the astronaut would soon return and that he was tasked with documenting his training and ISS stay. This record will serve as a valuable reference for Gaganyaan, India’s first human spaceflight mission.

Over the past year, Shukla trained extensively at NASA, Axiom, and SpaceX facilities. His flight to the ISS as part of the Axiom 4 mission marked a milestone in India’s preparations for future human space exploration.

The Gaganyaan project aims to send Indian astronauts into orbit aboard an indigenous rocket. The government has also outlined plans for a Bharatiya Antariksh Station by 2035 and a crewed mission to the moon by 2040.

Continue Reading

Latest Science News

Shubhanshu Shukla becomes second Indian in space, lifts off for ISS aboard Axiom-4 mission

Group Captain Shubhanshu Shukla becomes the second Indian astronaut to travel to space after four decades, aboard the Axiom-4 mission to the International Space Station.

Published

on

subhanshu shukla

Group Captain Shubhanshu Shukla of the Indian Air Force has etched his name in history as the second Indian astronaut to travel to space. Launching aboard the SpaceX Crew Dragon on the Axiom-4 mission, Shukla began his journey from NASA’s Kennedy Space Center in Florida, from the very launchpad that propelled Neil Armstrong’s Apollo 11 moon mission in 1969.

Four decades after Wing Commander Rakesh Sharma became the first Indian to journey into space in 1984, Shukla’s mission marks a monumental milestone for India’s space ambitions. Speaking ahead of the mission, Shukla expressed the emotional weight of the moment, saying, “I carry with me not just instruments and equipment, but the hopes and dreams of a billion hearts.”

A multinational crew on a scientific journey

Group Captain Shukla is joined by Commander Peggy Whitson from the US, Slawosz Uznanski-Wisniewski from Poland, and Tibor Kapu from Hungary. The four-member crew is on a mission to the International Space Station (ISS), where they are scheduled to arrive after a 28-hour journey and dock around 4:30 pm tomorrow.

The fortnight-long mission includes the execution of 60 scientific experiments, with seven of them designed by Indian researchers. Shukla is also expected to engage in an interaction with a VIP from space during the mission, adding a special human touch to this scientific voyage.

A mission delayed, but not denied

The Axiom-4 launch had faced multiple delays due to unfavorable weather and technical complications. June 25 finally saw the successful launch, marking NASA’s sixth official date announcement for the mission.

Before lift-off, Shukla shared a heartfelt message with his family: “Just wait for me, I’m coming.” The Indian pilot had been under quarantine for over a month in preparation, ensuring he was in optimal health for the journey.

As the spacecraft orbits Earth en route to the ISS, India watches with pride and anticipation, inspired once again by the courage of its space pioneers.

Continue Reading

Trending

© Copyright 2022 APNLIVE.com