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Smart device developed for precise use of herbicides

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Smart device developed for precise use of herbicides

~By Manu Moudgil

India loses agriculture produce worth several hundred crores of rupees every year to weeds. While removing weeds manually is laborious, use of chemicals to destroy them is hazardous to environment and crops. A group of Indian and American researchers have developed a weed removal device for precise application of herbicide that can reduce crop damage and contamination.

The tractor-mounted device releases precise amount of herbicide after sensing weed density through image analysis. Amount of herbicide varies for every 5 per cent change in weed infestation unlike the conventional system that uses same amount of chemical on a given plot. The device has been developed for crops with row-to-row spacing of 350-450 millimeters.

Smart device developed for precise use of herbicides

Field experiments on dryland with groundnut and maize crops have shown that the use of the device increased production, reduced crop damage and also saved around 80 per cent of the herbicide as compared to conventional systems of herbicide use.

“We have used sponge rollers which apply the herbicide through contact with weeds instead of spray done by conventional devices. This technique overcomes losses due to chemical drift and soil percolation resulting, which reduces environmental contamination,” explained Abhilash Kumar Chandel, a member of the research team, while talking to India Science Wire.

While contact-type weed eradicators have been developed in the past, this device introduces variability to the dose of herbicide in proportion to weed density. The apparatus includes a storage tank, pipelines, cameras, deflectors, ground wheel and sponge rollers, all connected to the back of a tractor moving at a speed of 2.1 km per hour. The processing unit consists of a laptop with digital image analyser application.

The herbicide can be applied simultaneously in six parallel rows which are served by a camera and sponge roller each. The main crop is restricted from field of view of the camera through deflectors so that only weeds appearing between the rows is captured by the cameras and treated with the herbicide thus ensuring minimum crop damage.

The field experiments showed that groundnut plant damage with the device was 3.6 times less than constant spray application (CSA) and 1.37 times less than constant contact application (CCA). In the case of maize, the plant damage was 2.72 times less that CSA and 1.33 times less than CCA.

The yield coefficient of the plots of two crops treated with the device was higher than the plots where CSA and CCA were used. The results have been published in journal Current Science.

The device is not yet ready for the market as researchers still need evaluate the prototype and make its processing unit more robust. “We want to replace the laptop with a small analytical device which will also reduce the cost. The reliability and feasibility of the weed eradicator needs to be tested for other crops as well,” said Chandel. The research team also wants to offer a variant of the device which can be handheld since many farmers can’t afford to use tractors.

“The actual efficiency of the device will only be known when it comes to the field as there are several factors beyond technology which can determine its performance. It also needs to be affordable for the farmers,” commented Vikram Ahuja of Zamindara Farm Solutions, a Punjab-based farm equipment company.

The research team included A K Chandel from Washington State University; V K Tewari and Aditya Agarwal (Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur); Satya Prakash Kumar (Central Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Bhopal); and Brajesh Nare (Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla). (India Science Wire)

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Astronaut Shubhanshu Shukla to meet PM Modi after return from historic space mission

Astronaut Shubhanshu Shukla, who recently returned from the ISS as part of the Axiom-4 mission, will meet PM Modi this evening. Parliament will also hold a special discussion on his historic journey.

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Indian astronaut Group Captain Shubhanshu Shukla, the first Indian to visit the International Space Station (ISS), will meet Prime Minister Narendra Modi this evening at his official residence in New Delhi.

PM Modi to host meeting with astronaut

According to officials, the meeting at 7 Lok Kalyan Marg is expected to take place between 5 pm and 5:30 pm. Shukla, who arrived in India on Sunday, will also be part of the National Space Day celebrations scheduled for August 23.

Warm welcome in India

The astronaut was greeted at the airport by his family, Science and Technology Minister Jitendra Singh, Delhi Chief Minister Rekha Gupta, and hundreds of citizens waving the national flag. Shukla had been in the United States for a year, preparing for the Axiom-4 mission, which launched from Florida on June 25 and docked at the ISS the next day. He served as the mission’s pilot.

Emotional note from Shukla

Before his return, Shukla shared an emotional post on Instagram, expressing mixed feelings of leaving his space colleagues while being eager to meet his loved ones and people of India. He also quoted a song from the film Swades, which he had chosen as his anthem on the launch day.

Parliament session on India’s space journey

In honour of Shukla’s mission, the Lok Sabha is holding a special session today to discuss “India’s first astronaut aboard the ISS – critical role of space programme for Viksit Bharat by 2047.” Union minister Kiren Rijiju said the discussion would highlight the importance of India’s space achievements and future goals.

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Shubhanshu Shukla pens emotional note as he returns to India after space mission

Indian astronaut Shubhanshu Shukla penned an emotional Instagram post as he returned to India after his 18-day ISS mission, marking a milestone in India’s space journey.

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Indian astronaut Group Captain Shubhanshu Shukla has shared an emotional Instagram post as he heads back home after completing his 18-day mission aboard the International Space Station (ISS).

Astronaut reflects on mixed emotions

In his heartfelt message, written from the aircraft, Shukla expressed the whirlwind of emotions he felt while leaving behind his fellow astronauts, who had been his family during the mission. “As I sit on the plane to come back to India, I have a mix of emotions running through my heart. I feel sad leaving a fantastic group of people behind who were my friends and family for the past year during this mission. I am also excited about meeting all my friends, family and everyone in the country for the first time post mission. I guess this is what life is — everything all at once,” he wrote.

Acknowledges support and inspiration

The astronaut thanked everyone for the love and support he received throughout his journey. He also recalled the words of his commander Peggy Whitson, saying, “Goodbyes are hard, but we need to keep moving in life. As my commander Peggy Whitson fondly says, ‘The only constant in spaceflight is change’. I believe that applies to life as well.”

Shukla ended his note with a line from the song Yun Hi Chala Chal from the film Swades, reflecting his spirit of resilience.

Link to India’s space ambitions

Shukla’s return comes at a crucial time as India advances its space programme. Prime Minister Narendra Modi had earlier mentioned that the astronaut would soon return and that he was tasked with documenting his training and ISS stay. This record will serve as a valuable reference for Gaganyaan, India’s first human spaceflight mission.

Over the past year, Shukla trained extensively at NASA, Axiom, and SpaceX facilities. His flight to the ISS as part of the Axiom 4 mission marked a milestone in India’s preparations for future human space exploration.

The Gaganyaan project aims to send Indian astronauts into orbit aboard an indigenous rocket. The government has also outlined plans for a Bharatiya Antariksh Station by 2035 and a crewed mission to the moon by 2040.

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Shubhanshu Shukla becomes second Indian in space, lifts off for ISS aboard Axiom-4 mission

Group Captain Shubhanshu Shukla becomes the second Indian astronaut to travel to space after four decades, aboard the Axiom-4 mission to the International Space Station.

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Group Captain Shubhanshu Shukla of the Indian Air Force has etched his name in history as the second Indian astronaut to travel to space. Launching aboard the SpaceX Crew Dragon on the Axiom-4 mission, Shukla began his journey from NASA’s Kennedy Space Center in Florida, from the very launchpad that propelled Neil Armstrong’s Apollo 11 moon mission in 1969.

Four decades after Wing Commander Rakesh Sharma became the first Indian to journey into space in 1984, Shukla’s mission marks a monumental milestone for India’s space ambitions. Speaking ahead of the mission, Shukla expressed the emotional weight of the moment, saying, “I carry with me not just instruments and equipment, but the hopes and dreams of a billion hearts.”

A multinational crew on a scientific journey

Group Captain Shukla is joined by Commander Peggy Whitson from the US, Slawosz Uznanski-Wisniewski from Poland, and Tibor Kapu from Hungary. The four-member crew is on a mission to the International Space Station (ISS), where they are scheduled to arrive after a 28-hour journey and dock around 4:30 pm tomorrow.

The fortnight-long mission includes the execution of 60 scientific experiments, with seven of them designed by Indian researchers. Shukla is also expected to engage in an interaction with a VIP from space during the mission, adding a special human touch to this scientific voyage.

A mission delayed, but not denied

The Axiom-4 launch had faced multiple delays due to unfavorable weather and technical complications. June 25 finally saw the successful launch, marking NASA’s sixth official date announcement for the mission.

Before lift-off, Shukla shared a heartfelt message with his family: “Just wait for me, I’m coming.” The Indian pilot had been under quarantine for over a month in preparation, ensuring he was in optimal health for the journey.

As the spacecraft orbits Earth en route to the ISS, India watches with pride and anticipation, inspired once again by the courage of its space pioneers.

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