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Khaleda Zia, former Bangladesh prime minister and BNP chief, dies at 80

Former Bangladesh prime minister and BNP chief Khaleda Zia died at 80 after a prolonged illness, marking the end of an era in Bangladeshi politics.

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Khalida zia

Bangladesh’s former Prime Minister and Bangladesh Nationalist Party (BNP) chairperson Begum Khaleda Zia passed away on Tuesday morning at the age of 80 after a prolonged illness. She died at around 6 am while undergoing treatment at a private hospital in Dhaka, the BNP said in an official statement.

Khaleda Zia had been hospitalised for over a month after being admitted with serious infections affecting her heart and lungs. She was also suffering from pneumonia and multiple long-term health complications, including liver cirrhosis, diabetes, arthritis, and chronic ailments related to her kidneys, heart, lungs, and eyesight. A team of specialists from several countries was overseeing her treatment, according to media reports.

The BNP, confirming her death, said prayers were being offered for the forgiveness of her soul and urged supporters and citizens to remember her in their prayers.

Prime Minister Modi expresses grief

Prime Minister Narendra Modi condoled Khaleda Zia’s demise, describing her as a towering political figure and Bangladesh’s first woman prime minister. In a post on X, Modi extended condolences to her family and the people of Bangladesh, noting that her contributions to the country’s development and India-Bangladesh relations would be remembered.

He also recalled a meeting with Khaleda Zia in Dhaka in 2015 and said her vision and legacy would continue to guide bilateral ties between the two nations.

A political journey shaped by upheaval

Khaleda Zia formally entered politics after the assassination of her husband, former President Ziaur Rahman, in 1981. Ziaur Rahman had founded the BNP, and following his death, Khaleda Zia joined the party to hold it together during a period of uncertainty. She went on to become BNP vice-president in 1984 and its chairperson later that year.

Her rise coincided with a broader pro-democracy movement in Bangladesh. Along with Sheikh Hasina of the Awami League, Khaleda Zia played a key role in the popular uprising that ended military rule under Hossain Mohammad Ershad in 1990. Their cooperation later turned into a bitter rivalry that dominated Bangladesh’s political landscape for decades.

Three-time prime minister and key reforms

Khaleda Zia became Bangladesh’s first female prime minister after the BNP emerged victorious in the 1991 parliamentary elections. During her tenure, she introduced the parliamentary system of government, replacing the presidential model, and ensured that executive power rested with the prime minister.

She also played a role in introducing the caretaker government system to oversee free and fair elections, lifted restrictions on foreign investment, and made primary education compulsory and free.

After a brief and contested second term in 1996, Khaleda Zia returned to power in 2001 with a decisive mandate, beginning her third term as prime minister. However, this phase was marked by allegations of corruption, rising militancy, and political violence, including a deadly grenade attack at an opposition rally in 2004.

Legal battles and declining health

Following political instability, an army-backed interim government took charge in 2006, and Khaleda Zia was later jailed on corruption charges. Although she was released ahead of the 2008 elections, she never returned to power.

In subsequent years, she faced multiple convictions, which she and her party described as politically motivated. Due to worsening health, she was shifted to house arrest on humanitarian grounds in 2020 and later freed in 2024 following a change in political circumstances. Earlier this year, Bangladesh’s Supreme Court acquitted her and her son Tarique Rahman in key corruption cases.

Early life and family

Born in 1945 in Jalpaiguri, then part of British India, Khaleda Zia moved to East Bengal with her family after Partition. She completed her schooling in Dinajpur and married Ziaur Rahman in 1960. She is survived by her elder son Tarique Rahman, his wife Zubaida Rahman, and their daughter. Her younger son, Arafat Rahman Koko, passed away earlier.

With her death, Bangladesh has lost one of its most influential and polarising political leaders, whose legacy shaped the country’s politics for over three decades.

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S Jaishankar says India is a natural option for Russia amid Europe tensions

External Affairs Minister S Jaishankar said India remained a natural option for Russia as Moscow increasingly turned towards Asia amid strained relations with Europe. He highlighted the continuity of India-Russia ties and their significance for the balance of power in Asia.

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External Affairs Minister S Jaishankar has described India as a natural option for Russia as Moscow increasingly looks towards Asia amid deteriorating relations with Europe. He said India’s longstanding relationship with Russia had remained steady despite significant changes in the international strategic landscape.

Jaishankar made the remarks during a conversation with John Micklethwait, editor-in-chief of the Bloomberg New Economy Forum. He discussed how the Russia-Ukraine war had affected Moscow’s relationship with Europe and contributed to Russia’s growing focus on Asia.

Jaishankar highlights Russia’s shift towards Asia

Jaishankar said Russia’s relationship with Europe had become deeply strained following the Ukraine war. He noted that Russia had historically viewed itself as a European country and placed considerable importance on its relations with Europe and the United States.

However, the conflict had pushed Moscow to look increasingly towards Asia,with much of that shift directed towards China.

The minister said it was in India’s interest, as well as the wider world’s interest, for Russia to maintain multiple relationships in Asia rather than having its options concentrated in one direction.

Against this backdrop, he described India as a natural partner for Russia, pointing to the longstanding nature of the relationship between the two countries.

India-Russia ties remain steady despite global changes

Jaishankar said India and Russia had maintained a consistent relationship over several decades. He emphasised that New Delhi continued to engage with Moscow even as the global order and Russia’s strategic calculations evolved.

According to the minister, India was reassuring Russia that the relationship built over nearly eight decades remained steady despite the changes in Moscow’s relations with Europe and the wider West.

He stressed that India was not passing a value judgment on those changes but was continuing its bilateral engagement with Russia.

Jaishankar said the relationship had benefited both countries and contributed to the balance of power and the broader status quo in Asia. 

Why the relationship matters for Asia

Jaishankar’s remarks highlighted India’s position in Russia’s changing regional outlook. As Moscow increasingly turns towards Asia, India continues to maintain its longstanding ties with Russia while navigating a changing international environment.

The minister’s comments underscored the importance he placed on preserving India-Russia ties and ensuring that Russia maintained multiple relationships in Asia. 

His assessment came against the backdrop of strained Russia-Europe relations following the war in Ukraine, which has reshaped Moscow’s engagement with Western countries and increased its focus on Asian partners.

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Putin praises PM Modi, says he has very good ideas on Ukraine war

Russian President Vladimir Putin has praised Prime Minister Narendra Modi for repeatedly raising the need to end the Ukraine war, describing his ideas for a settlement as “very good”.

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Vladimir Putin

Russian President Vladimir Putin has praised Prime Minister Narendra Modi for his continued efforts to promote an end to the Russia-Ukraine war, saying the Indian leader has “very good ideas” aimed at finding a mutually acceptable solution.

Putin made the remarks while addressing the Valdai Forum of international Russia experts, where he spoke about Modi’s repeated efforts to raise the issue of ending the conflict.

What Putin said about PM Modi

Putin said Modi has continued to raise the question of ending the conflict despite the close and friendly relationship between India and Russia.

According to Putin, the Prime Minister has shown a strong interest in finding a solution and has ideas that could help identify mutually acceptable ways to resolve the conflict.

Putin also described India’s position as neutral while highlighting Modi’s interest in bringing the conflict to an end through peaceful means.

The Russian president expressed gratitude to Modi for his ideas and his desire to see the conflict end as soon as possible.

Modi’s position on the Ukraine war

PM Modi has repeatedly called for dialogue and diplomacy to resolve conflicts, including during his meetings with Putin.

During their September 11 meeting in New Delhi, Modi reiterated that dialogue and diplomacy are the way forward for resolving conflicts.

Modi had also told Putin during their meeting on the sidelines of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation summit in Bishkek that the situation needed to move from “endless war” towards an end to the war.

India has consistently maintained that conflicts should be addressed through dialogue and peaceful means, with Modi previously describing the present period as not being an era of war.

The Russia-Ukraine conflict began in February 2022 and has continued despite repeated diplomatic efforts to seek a resolution.

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S Jaishankar calls Pakistan a “serial practitioner of terrorism” at UN

S Jaishankar criticised Pakistan at the UN General Assembly, referring to a “serial practitioner of terrorism” and warning against attempts to normalise terrorism.

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S Jayshankar

External Affairs Minister S Jaishankar criticised Pakistan during his address to the 81st session of the United Nations General Assembly in New York, saying that a “serial practitioner of terrorism” had misrepresented facts and that arguments were being made to normalise terrorism. 

Jaishankar’s remarks came a day after Pakistan Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif addressed the UN General Assembly and spoke about the 2025 military confrontation between India and Pakistan.

Jaishankar’s message to Pakistan

Referring to Pakistan without naming it directly in that remark, Jaishankar said a “serial practitioner of terrorism” had misrepresented facts before the UN General Assembly.

He said arguments were being made to normalise terrorism and claim immunity from its consequences, adding that such an approach would not stand. 

Jaishankar reiterated India’s position that the country would exercise its right to defend itself against terrorism.

He also said that friendship and goodwill could not coexist with terrorism and that understandings based on such circumstances would naturally be called into question. 

“It is for the perpetrator of terrorism to mend its ways,” Jaishankar said.

India stresses zero tolerance on terrorism

Jaishankar described terrorism as a persistent threat to peace and called for governments involved in cross-border terrorism to be held accountable.

He also stressed that there should be no dilution in India’s zero-tolerance approach towards terrorism and particularly called for greater attention to its financial aspects.

His remarks came a day after Pakistan Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif referred to the 2025 India-Pakistan military confrontation during his UN General Assembly address. 

Jaishankar backs two-state solution for Palestine

During his UN address, Jaishankar also spoke about the situation in West Asia and said India was prepared to contribute to efforts addressing food and energy security amid continuing tensions and violence.

On the Palestine issue, he reiterated India’s longstanding support for a two-state solution.

Jaishankar said India was also contributing humanitarian assistance and relief efforts for the Palestinian people.

He also warned about continuing threats and pressures around the world and stressed the need for greater stability, security and predictability.

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