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Indian scientists at Pune’s NIV detect new strain of dengue virus

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5 years ago

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Indian scientists at Pune’s NIV detect new strain of dengue virus

[vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text]~By Dr T V Venkateswaran

Study by National Institute of Virology scientists shows that a dengue strain that originated in Singapore had emerged in Tamil Nadu in 2012 and Kerala in 2013

New Delhi: Scientists at Pune-based National Institute of Virology (NIV) have found a new genotype of dengue virus in patients who suffered due to one of the worst epidemics in recent years in Tamil Nadu. The study shows that the strain originated in Singapore and emerged in Tamil Nadu in 2012 and Kerala in 2013.

Even a single cell bacterium has not only DNA but also cell organelles. But viruses are just bits of DNA material in a wrap, and they use cellular mechanism of the host to multiply themselves. In doing so they damage the infected cells. The immune system of the body responds with production of specific antibodies, which destroy specific viruses.

Dengue virus comes in different types and each with different flavours. There are four serotypes of dengue virus – DENV-1 to 4. Each of them has multiple genotypes. The genotype variation can be subtle either in DNA material or the envelope. For example, DENV-1 comes in as many as five genotypes – Asia, South Pacific, Thailand, Malaysia and AM/AF.

When infected first time, the patient developed a life time immunity for that particular serotype due to presence of antibodies produced earlier. However, if the secondary infection is by another serotype, the immune system is confused and the infection can become life threatening.

“Dengue virus has four antigenically defined serotypes and each serotype has multiple genotypes with several clades based on phylogenetic analysis of envelope or whole genome sequences” says D Cecilia of the Dengue Group at ICMR-National Institute of Virology, Pune, who is the lead author of the new study. This makes developing an effective vaccine a major challenge.

During the last five years, the National Vector Borne Disease Control Programme (NVBDCP) reported 80,725 cases of dengue per year with a fatality rate of about 0.24%. The ten year data for Tamil Nadu, 2007–2016 show an average of 2539 cases per year with fatality of 0.21%. This is less than the national average. However, during 2012 the cases spiked to 12,826 and deaths rose to 66, which implied fatality of 0.51%. This was a clear signature of a dengue epidemic.  Epidemiological studies indicated that Tirunelveli in Tamil Nadu was the epicentre of the epidemic.

Past research had shown that the emergence of new genotype was the cause of the major dengue outbreak in late 1980s in India. Taking a cue, scientists led by Dr Cecilia collected blood samples from patients in South India during the 2012 outbreak with the help of Vellore-based Christian Medical College.  The genome sequence of the virus collected from the samples were compared against the GenBank library which hosts all known dengue virus samples from 1943 to 2015.

The study revealed that DENV-1 Asian genotype had replaced the AF-AM type that was hitherto dominant in Tamil Nadu. “All four serotypes were circulating but DENV-1 was dominant, present in 52% of the serotyped samples” says Cecilia. Further, the study showed that the DENV-1 Asian genotype had also developed a new phenotype in the E gene. “This is the first time after 20 years we are observing change in genotype in India,” the scientist added.

DENV-1 originated in US and Japan during 1932. However, the Asian genotype of DENV-1 that emerged in Thailand. The Indian strains that caused havoc during the 2012-15 emerged in Singapore sometime in 2005. The same strain caused an epidemic in Singapore in 2005 and later in 2009 in Sri Lanka. “Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the Asian genotype was introduced from Singapore and shared 99% similarity with viruses, associated with large outbreaks in Singapore and Sri Lanka. The movement of DENV can affect dengue outbreaks and underscores the need for close molecular monitoring of DENV,” says Cecilia.

The findings are published in journal Virology. The research team included D. Cecilia, J.A. Patil, M.B. Kakade, A. Walimbe, K. Alagarasu, B. Anukumar, from National Institute of Virology and  A. Abraham from  Christian Medical College, Vellore.

(This article has not been edited by the APNLive staff. It is auto-generated from a syndicated feed provided by the India Science Wire)[/vc_column_text][/vc_column][/vc_row]

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OnePlus to launch Nord CE 3 in India, specs and price leaked ahead of global debut

OnePlus may soon expand its affordable smartphone series Nord CE. It is being claimed that the company is going to launch the new OnePlus Nord CE 3 in July this year. As per the leaks, the OnePlus Nord CE 3 will be introduced as a successor to the OnePlus Nord CE 2.

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4 weeks ago

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March 3, 2023

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OnePlus smartphone

OnePlus may soon expand its affordable smartphone series Nord CE. It is being claimed that the company is going to launch the new OnePlus Nord CE 3 in July this year. As per the leaks, the OnePlus Nord CE 3 will be introduced as a successor to the OnePlus Nord CE 2. The information about the phone has also been revealed ahead of its official debut on many digital platforms. However, the company has not yet given any information regarding the same as yet.

According to a report by My Smart Price, the OnePlus Nord CE 3 is expected to launch in July alongside of OnePlus Nord 3. The tipster also has claimed about the specification of the phone as well. Scroll down to know more about the smartphone.

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According to tipster Steve Hemmerstoffer (@OnLeaks), the OnePlus CE 3 will come with a display with 120Hz refresh rate, under which the user will be able to have a high definition display quality while playing videos. The handset is also likely to feature a 6.72 inch Full HD Plus AMOLED display. Earlier it was being said that this phone will be introduced with an IPS LCD screen. However, the confirmation is still awaited.

Leaks also suggested that the OnePlus Nord CE 3 is expected to be powered by the octa-core Snapdragon 782G processor coupled with up to 12GB of RAM and up to 256GB of inbuilt storage. The upcoming OnePlus Nord CE 3 could be equipped with three rear cameras. The phone can get a 50-megapixel Sony IMX890 primary sensor, an 8-megapixel ultra-wide-angle lens, and a 2-megapixel macro lens. The phone is expected to get a 16-megapixel sensor for selfie and video calls.

The handset is said to have an in-display fingerprint sensor, a 5000mAh battery with 80W fast charging support, dual-band Wi-Fi, 5G, 4G LTE, Bluetooth and a USB Type-C port.

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Vivo launches color-changing back panel smartphone V27 Pro in India, check price and specs

The Chinese smartphone manufacturer Vivo has launched its awaited color-changing back panel smartphone V27 Pro in India, along with the lower variant V27. Interested customers can purchase the handset in magic blue and noble black color

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1 month ago

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March 1, 2023

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Vivo V27 Smartphone

The Chinese smartphone manufacturer Vivo has launched its awaited color-changing back panel smartphone V27 Pro in India, along with the lower variant V27. Interested customers can purchase the handset in magic blue and noble black color. Pre-booking of Vivo V27 Pro has started and sales will be from March 6. The sale of Vivo V27 will start from 23 March.

As per the official details, the handset is the upgraded version of the Vivo V25 series, which was launched last year. The company has introduced the Vivo V27 Series with Android 13-based Funtouch OS 13 and MediaTek processor, under which customers will be able to access heavy applications without and lag.

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Know everything about the Vivo’s Vivo V27 and V27 Pro

As per the photos shared by the company, Vivo V27 Pro and Vivo V27 come with a 3D curved screen with a refresh rate of 120Hz that offers users to have a high-definition screen experience while playing any video. It comes with a glass panel that changes color whenever some light or sun rays strike it. Both Vivo V27 Pro and Vivo V27 phones have three rear cameras, and features. The Vivo V27 Pro has a MediaTek Dimensity 8200 processor, while Vivo V27 has Dimensity 7200 5G processor. Both the chipset have been considered the advance chipset in the Indian market.

Price of Vivo’s V27 and V27 Pro

The price of 128 GB storage with 8 GB RAM of Vivo V27 Pro is Rs 37,999. At the same time, the price of 256 GB storage with 8 GB RAM has been kept at Rs 39,999. The 256 GB storage variant with the phone’s 12 GB RAM is priced at Rs 42,999. The price of 128 GB storage with 8 GB RAM of Vivo V27 has been priced at Rs 32,999 and 256 GB storage with 12 GB RAM has been priced at Rs 36,999.

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Samsung set to launch Galaxy S23 FE, design and specs leaked ahead of official launch

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1 month ago

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February 22, 2023

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The leading smartphone manufacturer Samsung recently launched the Galaxy S23 series in India, since then, the handsets became the talk of the time. Now the company is all set to attract more customers as it has decided to launch an affordable variant of Samsung Galaxy S23 FE in the country.

Ahead of the official launch, many information such as specs, design leaked on digital platforms, claiming the handset might come with the latest processor with a 120 Hz AMOLE display that will allow users to have a high-definition experience while playing videos or using the phone. As per the leaks, the phone could be equipped with a flagship chipset launched by Qualcomm last year. However, the South Korean tech giant hasn’t revealed anything regarding the same as of now. Not even the price and launch date.

Once launched, interested customers can purchase the smartphone from the company’s authorized store. If one wants it at an additional discount, they can purchase the phone from the e-commerce giant Amazon or Flipkart.

Know everything about Samsung Galaxy S21 FE

Tipster Connor (@OreXda) claims that the Samsung Galaxy S23 FE will be powered by the Snapdragon 8+ Gen 1 processor. It is the second most powerful chipset from Qualcomm after Snapdragon 8 Gen 2. A lot of flagship phones of this year shared the with same Snapdragon 8 Gen 1 such as OnePlus 11R, Xiaomi 12S Ultra, Asus Zenfone 9, Samsung Galaxy Z Flip 4, and Oppo Find N2 among others.

It said that the upcoming Samsung Galaxy S21 FE might replace the company’s feature-loaded smartphone Galaxy A74. It is expected that the company likely to launch the S21 FE at a similar price as A74.


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