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Areas selected for smart city development are ‘heat islands’: Study

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Areas selected for smart city development are ‘heat islands’: Study

[vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text]~By Dinesh C Sharma

Study covered 89 of 100 areas selected for smart city projects, says temperature could be 1 to 6 degrees higher than surrounding areas in these heat islands

New Delhi: The phenomenon of urban heat islands, in which concrete and built areas in cities experience higher temperatures than surrounding rural areas, may get accentuated with rapid urbanisation. This is the conclusion of a new study of urban areas selected for development of smart cities.

The study, which covered 89 of 100 areas selected for development of smart cities, has found that agriculture and irrigation are two dominant drivers of urban heat islands or UHI in India. In addition, significant presence of atmospheric aerosols – mainly pollutants – over urban areas can influence UHI.

Moisture from irrigation canals and agriculture fields plays a key role in keeping rural areas surrounding cities much cooler than urban areas, resulting in cities becoming heat islands. In a heat island, temperature could be 1 to 6 degrees higher than surrounding areas. Remote sensing data and climate modelling were used to evaluate UHI all over the country.

When the surrounding non-urban areas have no agriculture during summer, cities are actually relatively cooler during daytime. However, if the non-urban areas are under irrigated agriculture, cities are warmer than surroundings. This means UHI effect during day time is mainly driven by agriculture and irrigation. However, in the night-time, cities are significantly warmer than surroundings in both winter and summer seasons. Night-time urban heat is mainly driven by the amount of heat stored in buildings and other impervious surfaces.

Urban areas located in highly irrigated regions – Indo-Gangetic Plain and north-west India (Haryana and Punjab) – show UHI intensity of 3 to 5 degrees. During summer season (April and May), when air temperature is at the peak, land surface temperature becomes is higher than that of the post-monsoon season in absence of agricultural operations. Moreover, amount of moisture and vegetation in non-urban areas are also limited as crops are largely harvested by the end of March and soil moisture is depleted due to high atmospheric water demands, the study said.

“While urban areas have experienced increased number of heat waves and temperature extremes in recent past, urban heat island effect driven by rapid urbanization can further worsen extreme hot conditions in cities,” pointed out Dr Vimal Mishra, a scientist at the Water and Climate Lab of Indian Institute of Technology, Gandhinagar, which did the study. The results of the study appeared in the journal Scientific Reports.

The development of smart cities will result in rapid growth in urban infrastructure and population, leading to increases in UHI intensity. “Our results can provide policy insights for development of smart cities,” Mishra said. “Considering night-time heating which could be significant during heat waves, measures such as passive cooling should be used. Building materials that absorb less heat and are sustainable can reduce the amount of heating caused by stored heat.” The presence of water bodies and vegetation in cities can also help reduce additional night-time heating in urban heat islands.

The study team included Rahul Kumar and Vimal Mishra (IIT Gandhinagar); Jonathan Buzan and Matthew Huber (Purdue University, USA); Rohini Kumar (UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Leipzig, Germany ); and Drew Shindel (Duke University, USA).

(The article is from a syndicated feed provided by the India Science Wire)[/vc_column_text][/vc_column][/vc_row]

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Manipur violence: Ministers, MLAs houses attacked by protesters after 3 found dead; internet suspended

According to reports, a mob attacked the residence of Health and Family Welfare Minister Sapam Ranjan in the Lamphel Sanakeithel area.

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In a fresh violence, the residence of two Ministers and three MLAs were attacked by protesters in Manipur’s Imphal on Saturday. The protesters were seeking justice for the murder of three persons in the Jiribam district. Following the development, internet services were suspended in seven districts.

In order to combat the situation, the Imphal West authority imposed prohibitory orders in the district for an indefinite period after the mob attacked the legislators’ houses.

Imphal West, Imphal East, Bishnupur, Thoubal, Kakching, Kangpokpi and Churachandpur were the districts where the internet services were suspended for two days, as per the reports.

An order issued by Imphal West District Magistrate Th Kirankumar, a curfew was imposed starting at 4:30 PM on Saturday.

According to reports, a mob attacked the residence of Health and Family Welfare Minister Sapam Ranjan in the Lamphel Sanakeithel area.

David, a representative of the Lamphel Sanakeithel Development Authority, assured the public that the issues surrounding the deaths of three individuals would be addressed in a cabinet meeting, stating that he would resign if the government disregarded public sentiment.

Additionally, protesters targeted the residence of Consumer Affairs and Public Distribution Minister L Susindro Singh.

In the Sagolband area, agitators gathered outside the residence of BJP legislator RK Imo, who is also the son-in-law of Chief Minister N Biren Singh, expressing demands for an appropriate response from the government regarding the killings and urging authorities to arrest the culprits within 24 hours.

According to officials, the protesters who went to meet with independent legislator Sapam Nishikanta Singh at his residence on Tiddim Road vandalised the office of a local newspaper owned by him after knowing he was out of state. The mob reportedly destroyed several temporary structures in front of the office.

On Friday night, three bodies, believed to belong to six individuals who had gone missing from the Jiribam district, were found near the confluence of the Jiri and Barak rivers along the Manipur-Assam border.

The remains of a woman and two children were located approximately 16 km from Borobekra in Jiribam district, not far from where the six people were last seen on November 11.

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Sukhbir Singh Badal resigns as Shiromani Akali Dal president

“He thanked all the party leaders & workers for expressing confidence in his leadership and extending wholehearted support & cooperation throughout the tenure,” Cheema wrote in a post on X.

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Shiromani Akali Dal president Sukhbir Singh Badal has stepped down from his position, said senior party leader Daljit Singh Cheema on Saturday.

Daljit S Cheema, former Education Minister of Punjab, said, “The SAD President S Sukhbir Singh Badal submitted his resignation to the Working Committee of the party today to pave the way for the election of a new President.”

“He thanked all the party leaders & workers for expressing confidence in his leadership and extending wholehearted support & cooperation throughout the tenure,” Cheema wrote in a post on X.

Cheema further said an emergency meeting has been called by the Shiromani Akali Dal (SAD) Working Committee President S Balwinder S Bhundar on November 18 at 12 o’ clock at party headquarters office in Chandigarh.

He said the committee will consider the resignation submitted by Badal and will decide further course of action. “It may be mentioned that elections for the post of President, Office bearers & working committee of SAD are due on Dec 14, 2024 when five year term of present house expires,” he added.

It is worth noting that Badal’s resignation came days after he urged the Akal Takht Jathedar to pronounce his punishment for religious misconduct charges, saying more than two months have passed since he was declared ‘tankhaiya’ (guilty of religious misconduct).

Akal Takht Jathedar Giani Raghbir Singh on August 30, declared Badal ‘tankhaiya’  for “mistakes” committed by the SAD and its government from 2007 to 2017.

In July, Shiromani Akali Dal dissolved its core committee after a meeting held in Chandigarh. Party leader Daljit Singh Cheema informed on X that the core committee will be reorganised shortly.

Earlier, some leaders including Parminder Singh Dhindsa, and Bibi Jagir Kaur, among others, launched a revolt against party chief Sukhbir Singh Badal, demanding change in the leadership after the party’s severe drubbing in the recent Lok Sabha elections.

Some leaders of the party held a meeting in Jalandhar seeking Badal’s resignation. However, some other leaders in the Akali Dal continue to repose faith in Badal.

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In Jamtara, Kharge slams PM Modi, Amit Shah over infiltrators issue in Jharkhand

“The posts of Prime Minister and Home Minister are not just for giving speeches and creating fear among people. They are bound by the duties,” the Congress leader said.

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Congress president Mallikarjun Kharge on Saturday slammed Prime Minister Narendra Modi and Union Home Minister Amit Shah over the issue of infiltrators in Jharkhand and wondered how many intruders have entered the country in the last ten years.

The Congress chief asked if the infiltrators had entered, then whose responsibility was it to stop them. “Was it not the responsibility of the Prime Minister and the Union Home Minister?” Kharge asked.

Addressing an election rally in Jamtara, Kharge said the BJP never talks about the issues of the common man. Instead, it is constantly trying to create an issue of infiltrators in the state, he added. The Saffron party is creating fear among the citizens that the infiltrators will take over the state, Kharge said.

“The posts of Prime Minister and Home Minister are not just for giving speeches and creating fear among people. They are bound by the duties,” the Congress leader said.

“Today I want to ask the BJP leaders how many intruders have entered the country in the last ten years. And if they have entered, then whose responsibility was it to stop them? Is it not Modi-Shah’s? Infiltration has not stopped for ten years,” he said.

Voting for the first phase of 43 seats in Jharkhand was completed on November 13, Kharge said, adding the Opposition INDIA alliance is going to form the government in Jharkhand with a huge majority.

Sarna Dharma Code is an important part of tribal culture and religious identity, Kharge said. “We want that it should be implemented immediately and the rights and dignity of the tribal society should be protected,” he added.

During the rally in Khijri, Kharge also accused the Centre of using ED, CBI, and I-T against those who help the Congress and its allies.

“Anyone who speaks or writes against PM Modi or points out his mistakes is put in jail by the BJP. Investigative agencies like ED, IT, CBI are put after them. But… When injustice is done to Dalits, backward classes and tribals in the country, Modi remains silent,” he charged.

The senior Congress leader alleged that the BJP wanted to form the government in Jharkhand to loot its natural resources.

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