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No one has right to interfere in marriage of consenting adults: CJI on khap panchayats

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Husband watches adult films, ruining married life, wife petitions Supreme Court

In a strident reprimand of khap panchayats (self-anointed family courts) who sanction assaults on couples who marry despite their objections, Chief Justice Dipak Misra, on Monday (February 5), said that no one has the right to interfere if two consenting adults decide to enter into matrimony.

The verbal rebuke by the Chief Justice of India came during proceedings in a writ petition filed by NGO Shakti Vahini, which has sought a ban on khap panchayats.

The khaps, as these self-appointed courts are often referred to, are a common phenomenon in parts of north India, particularly Haryana, and have often been in the dock for sanctioning violence against consenting adults – usually from the same ‘gotra’ – who decide to marry. Over the years, several murders of such couples have been reported by the media and the role of the khaps in sanctioning these killings has often come to light.

The Supreme Court Bench, also comprising Justices AM Khanwilkar and DY Chandrachud, made it amply clear that “Where two consenting adults agree to enter into matrimony, no individual rights, group rights or collective rights shall interfere therein or harass the couple”.

The Chief Justice pointedly told the counsels appearing for the khap panchayats: “if two adult persons are marrying with their consent, you are no one to create an obstacle”, while adding “whether it is parents, society or anyone, they are out of it.”

Curiously a counsel appearing for the khap panchayats argued that these “family courts” are “against honour killings” and “support inter-caste as well as inter-religious marriages”. However, the counsel added: “Because of the skewed sex ratio in Haryana, as many 2.5 million local boys have married in other states. What the Khap Panchayats are opposed to is intra-gotra marriage. Say, I am a ‘Hooda’; it is an age old tradition that a hooda shall not marry another hooda. They are deemed to descended from a common ancestor and hence, are siblings.”

The khaps submitted further that “as per Section 5(v) of the Hindu Marriage Act, marriages between sapindas – calculated as within 5 degrees of relations from the father’s side and 3 degrees on the mother’s side – are prohibited. Scientifically also it has been proven that such marriages have a disastrous impact on the genetics of the children.”

However, the Chief Justice said: “We are not concerned with the Khap Panchayats. Nobody, neither the society, the parents nor other relatives of either party to the marriage nor the Panchayats, may interfere”.

Chief Justice Dipak Misra took offence to the counsel of the khap panchayats submitting that his clients were acting as “conscience keepers” of the society and told him, “Don’t be conscience keepers. If two adults want to get married nobody should interfere.”

On the specific reference to the opposition of khap panchayats to intra-gotra marriages, the Chief Justice said: “We are not writing an essay here. We are not concerned with thesapinda or gotra. We are only interested in the decision of two adults to get married. If any issue arises in respect of the marital status or property, the court shall be entitled to decide the same. The children may be legitimate or illegitimate, that may be for determination in a partition suit. Similarly, even the marriage may be null and void. But you keep out of it. No third party shall interfere.”

It is pertinent to recall that on the last date of hearing, senior advocate Raju Ramachandran, who has been appointed amicus curiae in the case, had filed his report before the court detailing suggestions on the issue of khap panchayats and ‘honour killings’ (a term often used by votaries of these family courts to justify murders of couples who had married despite being sapindas or from the same gotra).

The Bench has granted time to Additional Solicitor General Pinky Anand, till February 16 – the next date of hearing in the case – to file the centre’s response to Ramachandran’s report stating that this is a “serious issue.”

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Trinamool Congress leader Abul Nasar found dead at Bengal hotel

The deceased has been identified as Abul Nasar, 34, a prominent leader from the Amdanga area in North 24 Parganas district.

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A Trinamool Congress leader was found dead in a hotel at the Mandarmani sea resort in West Bengal’s East Midnapore district on Saturday morning, sparking tension in the vicinity.

The deceased has been identified as Abul Nasar, 34, a prominent leader from the Amdanga area in North 24 Parganas district.

Police have detained a woman who accompanied him to the hotel for questioning. The circumstances surrounding the leader’s death—whether it was a suicide or a murder—will be clarified after the post-mortem report is completed, according to a police official.

The situation has escalated, as Nasar’s wife, who serves as a deputy panchayat chief for the Trinamool party, has claimed that his death was a murder, prompting the Mandarmani Coastal Police Station to launch an investigation.

On Saturday morning, a hotel staff member found Nasar’s body hanging in his room. At the time, the room was empty, and the woman who had accompanied him was also missing. The hotel management promptly notified local police, who arrived at the scene, recovered the body, and sent it for a post-mortem examination. Subsequently, the woman was apprehended and taken to the local police station for questioning.

The police have filed a case of unnatural death regarding the incident. “At first glance, it appears to be a case of suicide; however, we will only confirm this after the autopsy report is released,” stated a district police official.

Meanwhile, local Trinamool leadership has dismissed any political implications surrounding the death. They noted that Abul Nasar was actively involved in local politics, and his passing represents a significant loss for the party’s local organisation.

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Congress says frequent flyer PM Modi is off to Kuwait while people of Manipur wait

Modi’s two-day visit to Kuwait, commencing on December 21, 2024, aims to strengthen connections in various sectors, including defense and trade.

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The Congress on Saturday hit out at Prime Minister Narendra Modi, referring to him as the “frequent flyer PM” as he traveled to Kuwait while the residents of Manipur await his presence in their violence-affected region.

Modi’s two-day visit to Kuwait, commencing on December 21, 2024, aims to strengthen connections in various sectors, including defense and trade.

Congress general secretary in charge of communications, Jairam Ramesh, took to X to express his sentiments: “Such is their fate, as Modi refuses to find a date. The people of Manipur continue to wait while the Frequent Flyer PM is off to Kuwait.”

The Congress has consistently called on Modi to visit Manipur, arguing that his presence could aid in restoring peace and normalcy to the troubled State. Ethnic violence erupted in Manipur on May 3 of the previous year during a tribal solidarity march in the hill districts, protesting the Meitei community’s demand for Scheduled Tribe status.

Since then, over 220 individuals from both the Meitei and Kuki communities, along with security personnel, have lost their lives in the ongoing conflict.

PM Modi’s trip comes shortly after recent political developments in the region, including the collapse of President Bashar al-Assad’s regime in Syria and ongoing tensions due to the Israeli offensive in Gaza. During his stay, he plans to hold talks with key Kuwaiti officials and meet with the Indian community.

In his departure statement, PM Modi emphasised the importance of his discussions with the Kuwaiti leadership, highlighting them as a chance to establish a roadmap for a future-oriented partnership between India and Kuwait.

He stated, “We deeply value the historical connection with Kuwait that has been nurtured over generations. We are not just strong trade and energy partners but also share interests in peace, security, stability, and prosperity in the West Asia region.”

The Prime Minister expressed enthusiasm for his meetings with the Emir, the Crown Prince, and the Prime Minister of Kuwait. Additionally, he will attend the opening ceremony of the 26th Arabian Gulf Cup in the country. The last Indian Prime Minister to visit Kuwait was Indira Gandhi in 1981.

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Maha Kumbh Mela 2025: Prayagraj set to host the world’s largest spiritual convergence

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Maha Kumbh Mela 2025 Prayagraj spiritual gathering

The much-anticipated Maha Kumbh Mela of 2025 will take place in Prayagraj from January 13 to February 26, drawing millions of devotees to the confluence of the Triveni Sangam, where the Ganges, Yamuna, and the mythical Sarasvati rivers meet. With an expected crowd of 40 to 45 crore pilgrims from across India and around the world, this sacred event promises to be the largest gathering of the Sanatan faith.

A sacred gathering rooted in mythology

The Maha Kumbh Mela is a monumental religious pilgrimage celebrated every 12 years, rotating across four revered locations in India: Haridwar, Ujjain, Nashik, and Prayagraj. This grand festival is steeped in Hindu mythology, symbolizing the quest for salvation through a holy dip in the sacred waters, believed to be imbued with drops of nectar from the cosmic churning of the ocean.

At Prayagraj, the Kumbh Mela holds particular significance as it is centered at the Triveni Sangam, a location where devotees believe their sins are washed away through ritual bathing. This year’s Kumbh Mela will officially begin on January 13, with the Paush Purnima Snan (bath), and conclude on February 26, with Maha Shivratri.

The Akharas: centers of spiritual power

A defining feature of the Kumbh Mela are the Akharas—monastic orders that form a crucial part of the event. In total, 13 recognized Akharas participate, each following distinct spiritual practices rooted in Hindu traditions. These Akharas include:

  1. Juna Akhara
  2. Niranjani Akhara
  3. Mahanirvani Akhara
  4. Atal Akhara
  5. Ahwan Akhara
  6. Nirmohi Akhara
  7. Anand Akhara
  8. Panchagni Akhara
  9. Nagpanthi Gorakhnath Akhara
  10. Vaishnav Akhara
  11. Udasin Panchayati Bada Akhara
  12. Udasin Naya Akhara
  13. Nirmal Panchayati Akhara

The Akharas are divided into several categories based on the deities they revere, including Shaiva (followers of Lord Shiva), Vaishnav (devotees of Lord Vishnu), and Udasin (followers of Guru Nanak). The Akharas are led by spiritual authorities such as the Acharya Mahamandaleshwar, the highest-ranking position in an Akhara, and other prominent figures including Mahamandaleshwar and Shrimahant, responsible for administrative duties.

The role of Naga Sadhus

Among the most striking figures at the Kumbh Mela are the Naga Sadhus—ascetics who renounce all worldly possessions, including clothing, in their pursuit of spiritual enlightenment. These ascetics dedicate their lives to self-realization and are often seen leading processions and performing rituals during the Mela.

Key bathing dates: A spiritual journey

The Maha Kumbh Mela includes six major bathing days, each carrying deep spiritual significance. Pilgrims gather on these days to cleanse themselves of sins and seek blessings for a better life:

  • January 13, 2025: Paush Purnima
  • January 14, 2025: Makar Sankranti (Royal Bath)
  • January 29, 2025: Mauni Amavasya (Royal Bath)
  • February 3, 2025: Basant Panchami (Royal Bath)
  • February 12, 2025: Maghi Purnima
  • February 26, 2025: Mahashivratri

Each of these dates marks a unique occasion for spiritual renewal, drawing millions of people to the banks of the Triveni Sangam.

The spiritual significance of Peshwai and Nagar Pravesh

The Kumbh Mela is also marked by the grand processions of the Akharas, known as Peshwai and Nagar Pravesh. The Peshwai sees Akharas move from their permanent ashrams to their temporary camps at the Kumbh Mela site, a display of tradition and power, featuring elephants, camels, horses, and other symbolic elements. The Nagar Pravesh marks the arrival of saints and ascetics in the city, an event that adds to the grandeur and spiritual atmosphere of the festival.

Hatha Yoga: The path of devotion

During the Kumbh Mela, some ascetics practice Hatha Yoga, an intense form of spiritual discipline. This involves extreme physical postures such as standing on one leg for hours or keeping an arm raised for years, as acts of devotion and penance.

Kalpavas: A spiritual commitment

Another unique practice at the Kumbh Mela is Kalpavas, a spiritual observance where devotees spend the sacred months of Paush and Magh on the banks of the Triveni Sangam. Living in temporary shelters, the practitioners renounce worldly pleasures and engage in meditation, prayer, and rituals, seeking to purify their souls and achieve spiritual liberation.

As the Maha Kumbh Mela 2025 approaches, Prayagraj will become a global epicenter for spiritual devotion, drawing people from all walks of life to partake in its rituals and blessings. The event will not only be a celebration of faith but also a profound reminder of the collective power of devotion, self-realization, and spiritual unity.

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