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India overtakes Japan, set to challenge Germany for third-largest economy

India has overtaken Japan to become the world’s fourth-largest economy and is on track to challenge Germany for the third spot within the next three years.

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India overtakes Japan, set to challenge Germany for third-largest economy

India has overtaken Japan to become the world’s fourth-largest economy, marking a significant milestone in its economic journey. According to the government’s end-of-year economic review, India’s nominal gross domestic product has reached $4.18 trillion, placing it behind only the United States, China and Germany.

While the official confirmation will come in 2026 with the release of final annual GDP figures, international data already points in this direction. Projections indicate that India is on track to consolidate its position ahead of Japan in the current year.

India’s global economic standing improves

International projections show India continuing its upward trajectory. Estimates for 2026 place India’s economy at $4.51 trillion, marginally ahead of Japan’s projected $4.46 trillion. This strengthens expectations that India has effectively moved into the fourth position globally.

The government has said India is now poised to overtake Germany to become the world’s third-largest economy within the next two-and-a-half to three years. The economic review projects India’s GDP to reach $7.3 trillion by 2030, supported by strong domestic demand and ongoing structural reforms.

India first entered the top five global economies in 2022, when its GDP surpassed that of Britain, according to international financial data.

Growth continues despite global uncertainties

The government’s assessment comes at a time of global economic uncertainty. In August, Washington imposed steep tariffs on New Delhi over its purchases of Russian oil, adding pressure on trade and currency markets.

Despite these challenges, the review highlighted India’s economic resilience, stating that growth has remained strong amid persistent global trade uncertainties. The rupee touched a record low against the US dollar in early December after declining around five per cent in 2025, driven by concerns over trade relations and the impact of tariffs on exports.

Key challenges remain for India

While India’s overall economic size has expanded rapidly, income levels remain relatively low. According to World Bank data, India’s GDP per capita stood at $2,694 in 2024, far below Japan’s $32,487 and Germany’s $56,103.

India also faces the challenge of employment generation. More than a quarter of its 1.4 billion population is aged between 10 and 26, underscoring the need to create well-paying jobs for millions of young graduates entering the workforce.

Growth outlook remains strong

Global institutions continue to project robust growth for India. The World Bank has forecast economic growth of 6.5 per cent in 2026. Moody’s expects India to remain the fastest-growing G20 economy, with growth of 6.4 per cent in 2026 and 6.5 per cent in 2027.

The International Monetary Fund has revised its outlook upward, projecting growth of 6.6 per cent in 2025 and 6.2 per cent in 2026. Other agencies, including the OECD, Asian Development Bank, S&P and Fitch, have also issued optimistic forecasts, citing strong consumer demand and reform momentum.

The government reiterated its long-term ambition of achieving high middle-income status by 2047, the centenary year of India’s independence, driven by sustained economic growth, structural reforms and social progress.

Earlier this year, Prime Minister Narendra Modi announced broad consumption tax cuts and advanced labour law reforms after economic growth slowed to a four-year low in the year ended March 31.

Latest world news

India, Canada discuss trade pact to boost bilateral commerce

India and Canada discussed advancing negotiations on a proposed Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement aimed at expanding trade, investment and market access between the two countries.

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India canada trade pacts

India and Canada discussed advancing negotiations on a proposed trade agreement as the two countries seek to strengthen their economic and commercial ties.

Commerce and Industry Minister Piyush Goyal met Canada’s Minister of International Trade Maninder Sidhu, who is leading a Canadian delegation to India. The discussions focused on advancing negotiations for the proposed India-Canada Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (CEPA).

The proposed pact is aimed at creating greater market access and opening up new opportunities for trade and investment between the two countries.

India-Canada CEPA talks

Both sides discussed the importance of a balanced and mutually beneficial agreement that can make use of the complementary strengths of the two economies.

The discussions also focused on deepening commercial engagement and creating new opportunities for businesses in both countries.

Goyal said the two sides reaffirmed their commitment to taking the India-Canada economic partnership to a higher level, with CEPA serving as a catalyst for deeper commercial engagement.

India and Canada are working towards concluding the CEPA negotiations by the end of 2026.

India-Canada trade

The proposed CEPA is aimed at improving market access and creating opportunities across sectors while strengthening the broader economic relationship between India and Canada.

The agreement is expected to provide greater opportunities for businesses in both countries and support deeper trade and investment ties.

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Latest world news

White House put on temporary lockdown after car crashes into signpost

The White House was temporarily placed under lockdown after a car crashed into a signpost near Lafayette Square in Washington, DC. The driver was detained after a confrontation with security personnel.

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The White House was placed under a temporary lockdown on Monday after a car crashed into a signpost at Lafayette Square near the presidential residence in Washington, DC.

The incident triggered a security response in the area, with the US Secret Service directing members of the White House press corps to move indoors and remain there temporarily.

Driver detained after confrontation with security personnel

The driver was detained following a confrontation with Secret Service officers and National Guard personnel, according to reports.

Video footage showed a silver sedan on the paved area at the northern end of Lafayette Square after striking a signpost. Smoke was also seen coming from the vehicle.

Authorities had not immediately disclosed the driver’s identity or established what led to the crash.

White House security restrictions imposed

The security response prompted temporary restrictions around the White House. The incident occurred at Lafayette Square, which is directly across Pennsylvania Avenue from the presidential complex.

At around 10 am local time, Secret Service personnel instructed White House journalists to move indoors while security personnel dealt with the incident.

The White House was under the security restriction while President Donald Trump was at the premises, according to reports.

Motive behind crash remains unclear

It was not immediately known whether the crash was accidental or deliberate. Authorities had also not immediately confirmed whether anyone was injured.

The circumstances surrounding the incident, including the driver’s identity and possible motive, remained under investigation.

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Football news

Cristiano Ronaldo announces retirement from international football

Cristiano Ronaldo has announced his retirement from international football, bringing an end to his 23-year career with Portugal after 234 appearances and 146 goals.

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Cristiano Ronaldo

Cristiano Ronaldo has announced his retirement from international football, bringing his 23-year career with Portugal towards an end.

The 41-year-old Portugal captain said he would hand back the No. 7 shirt of the national team after the November international break. Ronaldo made the announcement in a video message shared on social media.

The decision marks the end of one of the most decorated international careers in men’s football. Ronaldo has made 234 appearances for Portugal and scored 146 goals, both records at international level.

Ronaldo’s Portugal career comes to an end

Ronaldo made his Portugal debut in 2003 and went on to represent the country across more than two decades.

He helped Portugal win their first major international trophy at Euro 2016. He was also part of the teams that won the UEFA Nations League in 2019 and 2025.

Ronaldo’s international career also included six World Cup appearances. His final World Cup came in 2026, when Portugal were eliminated by eventual champions Spain in the last 16.

Ronaldo reflects on 23 years with Portugal

Announcing his decision, Ronaldo said it was not an easy choice and described his time representing Portugal as a privilege and responsibility.

He thanked his family, the Portuguese people, as well as the teammates, coaches and staff who were part of his international journey.

Ronaldo also said that Portugal would always remain a part of him.

Record-breaking international career

Ronaldo leaves the Portugal setup as the men’s all-time leading international goalscorer and the player with the most international appearances.

His 146 goals came across 234 appearances for Portugal. He also became one of only two players, alongside Lionel Messi, to feature at six World Cups.

His international career included major individual records as well as team honours, making his departure one of the biggest moments in modern international football.

What happens next

Ronaldo’s announcement comes after he said he would hand back Portugal’s No. 7 shirt following the November international break.

Portugal have Nations League fixtures during the November window, but Ronaldo’s announcement means his international career is now set to conclude after that break.

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